Všenory
| Všenory | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Středočeský kraj | ||||
| District : | Praha-západ | ||||
| Area : | 355.4485 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 56 ' N , 14 ° 18' E | ||||
| Height: | 225 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 1,658 (Jan 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 252 31 | ||||
| License plate : | S. | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Černošice - Řitka | ||||
| Railway connection: | Prague – Plzeň | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | local community | ||||
| Districts: | 1 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Zdeněk Seidler (as of 2015) | ||||
| Address: | U silnice 151 252 31 Všenory |
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| Municipality number: | 539856 | ||||
| Website : | www.vsenory.cz | ||||
| Location of Všenory in the Praha-západ district | |||||
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Všenory (German Wschenor ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located 20 kilometers southwest of the city center of Prague on the outskirts and belongs to the Okres Praha-západ . At the end of the 19th century the village turned into a resort for the Prague upper class.
geography
Všenory is located on the right side of the Berounka valley in the foothills of the Hřebeny and is traversed by the Všenorský creek. To the east rises the Kopanina (411 m nm), in the southeast of the Kámen (414 m nm) and south the Červená hlína (467 m nm). The Prague – Plzeň railway line runs on the northern outskirts . The Hřebeny Nature Park extends to the south and east.
Neighboring towns are Sušárna, Na Vysoké, Solopisky, Nová Vráž, Stará Vráž and Větrné Údolí in the north, Horni Mokropsy, Černošice and Montana in the northeast, Jíloviště in the east, Trnová and Klínec the southeast, Varadov, Na Homolce, Potoky, Novy Dvur and Černolice in the south, Řevnice and Lety pod Lesem in the southwest, Čihadla, Brunšov and Dobřichovice in the west and Vonoklasy and Bukovka in the northwest.
history
The first written mention of the fortress and the Všenory manor was in 1205 as the seat of Pavel von Všenor. Horní Mokropsy, which has been documented since 1088, is older. The Golden Path , an old trade and military route, ran through Všenory, which crossed the Berounka from Prague via Řepy , Křtěn , Ořech , Chýnice , Třebotov and Černošice in the Mokropetz ford and then through the Všenorský potok valley via Černolice to Bechyně or Prachatice in southwestern Bohemia. On the Berounka and the mouth of the Všenorský potok, gold soaps were operated in the 13th and 14th centuries, the name of the settlement Brunšov is derived from this.
Until the end of the 16th century, the lords of Všenory , who were related to the Vladiken Buzický of Buzice, held the estate; The most important owner at this time was Jan Kluk von Všenor, who held the archbishop's office of court master from 1372 to 1379. After that, the estate fell under the All Saints' Chapter at Prague Castle . At the end of the 17th century, the St. Vitus Cathedral Chapter acquired the Wschenor estate. In the 18th century the Černolitz estate was attached to Wschenor. At the end of the 18th century the estate belonged to Johann Mladota von Solopisk , who sold it to Philipp Eyben in 1787. He sold Wschenor to Joseph Kriesten, who was followed by his son and grandson of the same name. The Prague citizen Vinzenz Noltsch ( Vincenc Nolč ) bought the estate from the latter in 1837 .
In 1788 the village of Wschenor in the Berauner district consisted of twelve houses. In 1845 the Wschenor estate including Černolitz comprised a usable area of 638 yokes 1585 square fathoms . 595 Czech-speaking people lived on the manor, including eleven Jewish families. The main source of income was agriculture and work in the manorial forests, while the inhabitants earned extra income in quarries and from river navigation on the Berounka and the Vltava . The authorities managed two farms in Wschenor and Neuhof, the latter also including a sheep farm. Only the villages Wschenor and Černolitz belonged to the estate. The village of Wschenor , also called Wssenor or Wssenory , consisted of 35 houses with 258 Czech-speaking inhabitants, including eleven Jewish families and two butchers. The authorities owned a castle, an office building, a brewery and a yard; there was also an inn and two catchy mills in the village. Parish was Ober-Mokropetz ( Horní Mokropsy ). Until the middle of the 19th century, Wschenor was the official village of the Wschenor estate including Černolitz in the Berauner district.
After the abolition of patrimonial formed Všenory / Wschenor 1849 a district of the municipality Černolice in the judicial district of King's Hall . In Horní Mokropsy, the foundation stone for a school was laid on May 30, 1862, in which the children from Dolní Mokropsy, Horní Mokropsy, Všenory and Černolice were taught for several decades; because of the high number of children, the class size was 100 students.
The Prague – Pilsen railway was opened on July 14, 1862 ; it crossed the Berounka at the Mokropetz weir on an iron bridge construction. On the night of May 25th to 26th, 1872, the lower Berounka valley was hit by devastating floods. On the morning of May 26, one of the stone pillars of the Mokropsy railway bridge, built according to the Schiffkorn system, was washed away, but the iron structure of the bridge held up. Because of the resulting sagging of two fields, the bridge was not passable until June 26, 1872. The railway bridge was double-tracked in July 1911 within one night.
In the second half of the 19th century Všenory began to expand considerably. Under the landowner and member of the Bohemian state parliament Jan Nolč (1835–1888), Všenory changed from the 1870s to the resort of Prague's intellectual and political high society. Numerous business people, architects, doctors, lawyers and artists had villas built.
From 1869 the municipality of Černolice belonged to the Smichow district , from 1910 it was named Černolice-Všenory because of the size of Všenory. In April 1919 Černolice and Všenory separated; the separation took effect on June 10, 1922. In 1923 a separate cemetery was established in Všenory; six years later the cemetery at the church of Horní Mokropsy was closed and a new cemetery for Horní Mokropsy was consecrated on Podstádl. In the 1920s, Všenory had expanded to Horní Mokropsy. However, the construction boom was limited to the resort town of Všenory, and the neighboring municipality of Horní Mokropsy retained its village structure. In 1926 and 1927, an extensive park with statues, balustrades, fountains and pavilions was built under the Homolka hill on the new road connecting Všenory and Horní Mokropsy. In 1927 Všenory was assigned to the Okres Praha-venkov and in 1942 to the Okres Praha-venkov-jih. On August 28, 1938, the school in Všenory was inaugurated. The heyday of the Všenory resort ended with the Second World War. In 1949 Horní Mokropsy was incorporated, and Všenory came to Okres Praha-jih at the same time. Since 1961 the municipality belongs to the Okres Praha-západ . The community has had a coat of arms and a banner since 1998. During the August floods of 2002 , 43 houses and around 100 holiday huts were flooded in the lower parts of the community, 150 people had to be evacuated.
Community structure
No districts are designated for the municipality of Všenory. Basic settlement units are Horní Mokropsy ( Ober Mokropes , formerly Ober-Mokropetz ) and Všenory ( Wschenor ). Všenory also includes the settlements of Brunšov ( Well Soap), Čihadla, Montana, Sušárna and Větrné Údolí.
coat of arms
The coat of arms is divided into two parts. In the upper field it shows a flying silver dove on a blue background and below it a black boar's head on a gold background. The pigeon comes from the coat of arms of the archbishop court master Jan Kluk von Všenor, who was the owner of Všenory in the second half of the 14th century. The boar's head formed the coat of arms of Ulrich Medek von Valdek, to whom Horní Mokropsy belonged in the first half of the 15th century. Like the lords of Všenor, the lords of Valdek are descended from the Vladiken von Buzický von Buzice .
Attractions
- The neo-baroque Všenory Castle was given its present shape in 1928–1929 under Hanuš Kasalický, who owned the castle until 1946. The building, which is surrounded by a park, is privately owned and is not accessible.
- The baroque church of St. Wenceslas in Horní Mokropsy was built in 1732 in place of a previous Romanesque building from the first half of the 14th century. The tower was redesigned in the neo-Romanesque style in 1870. In 1850 a drawing of the Gothic monastery King's Hall was found in the tower knob , of which only a copy by František Lorenc has survived in the graphic collections of the National Gallery in Prague . The church was also known for the Mokropes Altar ( oltář mokropecký ); the late Gothic winged altar from around 1500 shows the dying of the Virgin Mary and is attributed to Hans Hesse , only the two side panels with depictions of hll from around 1520 are preserved in the original. Katharina and Barbara. The valuable winged altar is now in the depository of the Archdiocese of Prague . The church is protected as a cultural monument.
- Old Horní Mokropsy cemetery with the Kriesten family's empire grave from 1837.
- The Gloriette viewing pavilion with a dome supported by eight columns in the style of a Roman-Doric monopteros was built in 1885 according to plans by the architect Vojtěch Storm on the Jánská spur above the Všenorský potok valley.
- Neo-Romanesque chapel of John the Baptist on a wooded spur south of the Všenory castle opposite the Gloriette. It was built in 1889–1890 over the burial place of the Jan Nolč family. Adolf Liebscher created the wall paintings.
- Mokropsy Railway Bridge, built in 1862. It was renovated in the 1990s and provided with a footpath to Dolní Mokropsy.
- Memorial stone for the fallen of World War I on the village square of Horní Mokropsy, erected in 1922, originally it stood in front of the school.
- Former park between Všenory and Horní Mokropsy, it was devastated for decades. Among other things, an equestrian statue of Jan Žižka, a statue of Jan Hus and a cedar tree have been preserved.
- Villa Boženka in Všenory, built in 1884 for Jan Nolč, the dilapidated building was faithfully restored from 1996–1997.
- Former excursion restaurant Villa Nolč with dance and theater hall with wall paintings by Adolf Liebscher, today Hotel Zdenka
- Former Stejskal Hotel, now a home for the elderly
- 400-year-old oak on the border between Všenory and Horní Mokropsy, it is the last example of a former oak alley
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/539856/Vsenory
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ^ Johann Gottfried Sommer The Kingdom of Bohemia, vol. 16 Berauner Kreis, 1849, pp. 45–47
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/zsj-obec/539856/Obec-Vsenory
- ↑ http://www.hrady.cz/?OID=5728
- ↑ http://www.hrady.cz/?OID=5725
- ↑ http://www.vsenory.cz/knihovna/kulturni-pamatky/
- ↑ http://www.hrady.cz/?OID=5727