Hvozdnice u Davle
| Hvozdnice | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Středočeský kraj | ||||
| District : | Praha-západ | ||||
| Area : | 471.3478 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 52 ' N , 14 ° 22' E | ||||
| Height: | 345 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 516 (Jan. 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 252 05 | ||||
| License plate : | S. | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Měchenice - Bratřínov | ||||
| Next international airport : | Prague airport | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | local community | ||||
| Districts: | 1 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Helena Kučerová (as of 2013) | ||||
| Address: | Hvozdnice 160 252 05 Hvozdnice |
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| Municipality number: | 539261 | ||||
| Website : | www.hvozdnice.eu | ||||
| Location of Hvozdnice in the Praha-západ district | |||||
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Hvozdnice (German Wosnitz ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located 24 kilometers south of the city center of Prague and belongs to the Okres Praha-západ .
geography
Hvozdnice is located on a ridge between the valleys of the Vltava and Bojovský potok in the north of the Středočeská pahorkatina . The Vltava tributary Hvozdnický potok rises in the village. To the northeast are the Vltava island of St. Kilian with the remains of the Ostrov monastery and the confluence of the Sázava with the Vltava. The Suchý vrch (381 m) rises to the north, the Žižkův vrch (382 m) to the south-east, the Chlumka (406 m) to the south, the Horní vrch (439 m) and the Velký Budín (422 m) to the south-west, the Babka (397 m) and northwest of the Řeřichový vrch (363 m). The Dobříš – Praha-Modřany railway runs to the west in the Bojovský potok valley ; there is only a walking connection to the next train station Bojov .
Neighboring towns are Trnová , Masojídka and Sloup in the north, Davle , Svatý Kilián, Sázava and Chlomek in the north-east, Mandát and Hradištko in the east, Šlemín, Rajchardov and Hvozdy in the south-east, Masečín and Bojanovice in the south, Čisovice in the south-west, Bojov and Vrlicejov and Čtvrt Svatopluka Čecha, Líšnice , Spálený Mlýn and Klínec in the north-west.
history
It is believed that the area belonged to the Slavnikid domain in the 10th century and was under the control of the Osseca Castle near Zbraslav . After the fall of the Slavnikids, the Přemyslids seized their possessions in 995 .
The first written mention of Hvozdnice was in 999 by Duke Boleslav II in the founding deed of the Benedictine monastery Insula as one of the 31 monastery villages. The charcoal settlement of Hvozdnice supplied the monastery with charcoal. In 1131 the Benedictines built the church of St. Erect Kilian. When measuring the monastery villages in the middle of the 13th century, Hvozdnice comprised an area of 488 zahon ( beds ). Since 1275 Hvozdnice was under the administration of the Lords of Benešov as part of the Podbrdský kraj . In 1278, during the power struggles after the death of Ottokar II Přemysl, the Brandenburg troops of Otto IV murdered the area and plundered the monastery and its 24 surrounding villages. The famine of 1282 left the area deserted. With the extinction of the Přemyslids, a struggle for power in Bohemia began again, and Hvozdnice was devastated by Bavarian troops in 1309, as was the whole area between Zbraslav and Slapy . Pope Clement V confirmed the old property to the monastery in a bull in 1310 , including Hvozdnice. In the monastic land register from 1388, 14 subordinate properties are listed for Hvozdnice, including one two and a half hoppers, one two and a half hoppers, two one and a half hoppers and five half hoppers. After the outbreak of the Hussite Wars , the insurgent troops occupied Hvozdnice in 1420 and shot at the monastery with stone cans ( Houfnice ) from the hill now known as Žižkův vrch . On August 14, 1420, the Hussites, led by the priest Václav Koranda , conquered, looted and destroyed the monastery. In 1421 Jakoubek von Řitka took possession of the villages Bojanovice, Davle, Hvozdnice, Slapy, Sloup and Zahořany. King Sigismund bequeathed Jakoubek von Řitka Hvozdnice in 1436. Insula Monastery never recovered. In 1517 the last Benedictines left the ruined monastery and moved to the daughter monastery of St. Johann under the rock . The abandoned monastery Insula was completely destroyed by the Vltava flood of 1529. The Thirty Years War led to the desolation of the village, in the berní rula in 1651 only seven farmed properties were listed for Hvozdnice. The village consisted of 33 houses in which 19 adults lived. The abbot of the St. Johann monastery under the rock, Matthäus Ferdinand Sobek von Bilenberg , bought Hvozdnice back from the von Řitka family in 1657, along with other villages. The plague broke out in the area in 1713, followed by another epidemic in the years 1771 to 1773. After the abolition of the St. Johann unter dem Felsen monastery in 1785, the monastery property fell to the religious fund. On January 3, 1825, Karl Korb Ritter von Weidenheim ( Karel Bedřich Srb ) auctioned the Davle estate with all its accessories and combined it with the Slapy estate, which was also acquired, to form the Slapy estate . In 1845 the village of Hwoznitz , also Woznitz or Wosnitz , located in the Berauner district , consisted of 39 houses with 292 inhabitants, including a Jewish family. The parish was St. Kilian ( Svatý Kilián ). Until the middle of the 19th century, Hwoznitz remained subject to Gut Dawle, which was part of the Schlapp rulership .
After the abolition of patrimonial Hvozdnice formed from 1850 a municipality in the judicial district of Zbraslav . From 1868 the municipality belonged to the Smichow district . In 1891 Friedrich Graf von Westphalen zu Fürstenberg acquired the large estate. On June 4, 1895, the volunteer fire department was founded. In 1910 a two-class village school started teaching in Hvozdnice, before the children had been to Davle. In 1917 Theobald von Westphalen zu Fürstenberg sold the Sloup estate to Jan and Václav Matysov from Nové Hraštice and the Slapy estate to Bohumil Bondy. In 1918 the population of Hvozdnice still consisted of 200 Catholics. The Bohemian Brethren , founded in 1920, experienced a tremendous boom. In 1923 a preaching station of the Evangelical Church of the Bohemian Brethren was established in Hvozdnice , which was raised to a parish in 1929. In 1927 the municipality was assigned to the Okres Praha-venkov. In 1932 Hvozdnice had 479 inhabitants. After the annexation of the Sudeten areas by the German Reich, some Czech families from the occupied border areas settled in Hvozdnice. The village experienced a further increase in population from 1941 onwards from the influx of displaced persons from the area of the SS military training area in Bohemia . As a result, Hvozdnice reached in 1943 with 666 inhabitants the highest number of inhabitants in the history of the village. A wooden triangulation tower was erected on the Babka in 1940, which only existed for a few years; the rotten building collapsed at the beginning of the 1950s. From 1942 Hvozdnice belonged to the Okres Praha-venkov-jih. After the end of the Second World War, seven German residents were expelled from Hvozdnice, and 26 families moved to the border areas in 1946. At the 1948 census, Hvozdnice only had 510 inhabitants. In 1949 it was assigned to the Okres Praha-jih and in 1955 it was connected to the regular bus service. In the same year, a processing plant for low-grade iron ore went into operation in Mníšek pod Brdy , the fly ash of which was also deposited on Hvozdnice. Since 1960 Hvozdnice has belonged to Okres Praha-západ. With the closure of the business in Mníšek, the living situation in Hvozdnice improved again from 1967. The school was closed in September 1986 due to insufficient student numbers. At the 2001 census, the village had 304 inhabitants. In 2010 a kindergarten opened in the former school house.
Community structure
No districts are shown for the municipality of Hvozdnice.
Attractions
- Foundation walls of the Ostrov Monastery on the island of St. Kilian
- Church of St. Kilian in Kilián. The originally Romanesque building erected in 1131 was rebuilt in the Gothic style in 1352. In 1692 the church burned down and was rebuilt in 1775.
- Husův dům, the prayer house of the Bohemian Brethren, was built in 1924
- Several European yew trees , Hvozdnice is one of 25 locations of this type in the Czech Republic
Personalities
- Svatopluk Karásek (* 1942), pastor, songwriter and later politician, lived in Hvozdnice from 1968 to 1971 during his studies
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/539261/Hvozdnice
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer The Kingdom of Bohemia, vol. 16 Berauner Kreis, 1849, p. 64