Svatý Jan pod Skalou
| Svatý Jan pod Skalou | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Středočeský kraj | ||||
| District : | Beroun | ||||
| Area : | 405.603 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 58 ′ N , 14 ° 8 ′ E | ||||
| Height: | 233 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 176 (Jan. 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 266 011 | ||||
| License plate : | S. | ||||
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| Street: | D 5 : Prague - Beroun | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | local community | ||||
| Districts: | 3 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Pavel Vokál (as of 2013) | ||||
| Address: | Svatý Jan pod Skalou 6 266 01 Svatý Jan pod Skalou |
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| Municipality number: | 531804 | ||||
| Website : | www.svatyjan.cz | ||||
| Location of Svatý Jan pod Skalou in the Beroun district | |||||
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Svatý Jan pod Skalou (German St. John under the rock ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It lies in the Středočeský kraj and belongs to the Okres Beroun . It is four kilometers east of Beroun and is a place of pilgrimage .
geography
Svatý Jan pod Skalou is located in the nature reserve Český kras ( Bohemian Karst ) on the Loděnice River , which is also known as Kačák . Neighboring towns are Loděnice in the north, Kozolupy and Bubovice in the east, Mořina and Karlštejn in the south-east, Hostim in the south, Beroun in the west and Vráž in the north-west.
history
Svatý Jan pod Skalou was first mentioned in 1037, when the Bohemian Duke Břetislav I donated the chapel of John the Baptist in the cave to the Ostrov Benedictine monastery. In the 9th century, holy Ivan is said to have lived in the cave as a hermit , to whom the importance of the pilgrimage site goes back. The monastery Ostrov built here in 1310 a provost who - after the monastery Ostrov had been dissolved in 1517 - to an abbey rose. This was dissolved in 1785 as part of the Josephine reforms .
The museum railway in the Solvay quarries is evidence of mining in the 20th century .
The population development of Svatý Jan pod Skalou is declining: For 1850 603, for 1930 296 and for 1991 256 inhabitants are recorded.
Community structure
The municipality Svatý Jan pod Skalou consists of the districts Sedlec, Svatý Jan pod Skalou and Záhrabská.
Attractions
- The monastery was built at the beginning of the 16th century. The monastery church of St. Johannes was rebuilt in 1657–1661 according to plans by the master builder Carlo Lurago and in 1710 by Christoph Dientzenhofer given a new vault. The altarpiece “The meeting of John the Baptist with St. Iwan ”created in 1695 by Johann Georg Heinsch .
- In the three caves south of the church:
- the church of John the Baptist with Gothic and Baroque style elements and wall paintings from the 18th century
- the monastery crypt from 1717 as well
- the old stucco St. Mary's Church from 1657. It houses Renaissance and Baroque tombs.
- The prelature , which adjoins the four-winged monastery building, was built in 1726–1731 according to plans by Kilian Ignaz Dientzenhofer .
- At the place of the alleged meeting of St. Ivan with St. John the Baptist, the baroque Holy Cross Chapel was built in 1714.
- The neo-Gothic chapel in the local cemetery was built in 1847–1849 by the architect Bernhard Grueber for Maximilian Berger, chairman of the Prague National Theater building association. The chapel houses the Berger family crypt.
literature
- Joachim Bahlcke , Winfried Eberhard, Miloslav Polívka (eds.): Handbook of historical places . Volume: Bohemia and Moravia (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 329). Kröner, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-520-32901-8 , pp. 542-543.
