Chrustenice
| Chrustenice | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Středočeský kraj | ||||
| District : | Beroun | ||||
| Area : | 673.0973 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 0 ' N , 14 ° 9' E | ||||
| Height: | 275 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 970 (Jan. 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 267 12 | ||||
| License plate : | S. | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Loděnice - Úhonice | ||||
| Next international airport : | Prague airport | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | local community | ||||
| Districts: | 1 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Radomil Urban (as of 2015) | ||||
| Address: | Chrustenice 69 267 12 Loděnice u Berouna |
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| Municipality number: | 533670 | ||||
| Website : | www.chrustenice.cz | ||||
| Location of Chrustenice in the Beroun district | |||||
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Chrustenice (German Chrustenitz , 1939–45: Unterholz ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located eight kilometers northeast of Beroun and belongs to the Okres Beroun .
geography
Chrustenice is located in the Kačáktal in the Křivoklátská vrchovina ( Pürglitzer Uplands ). The village is located below the confluence of the Přílepský potok on the right bank of the Loděnice . The Povodí Kačáku Nature Park extends to the north and east. The Blýskava (427 m nm) and the Blýskavka (324 m nm) rise to the northeast, the Ovčácký vrch (367 m nm) and the Trhlina (429 m nm) to the east, the Kolo (407 m nm) to the southeast and the south-west of the Hřeben (431 m nm).
Neighboring places are Pece II, Pece I, Na Sídlišti I, Nenačovice , Chrbiny and Ptice in the north, Úhonice , Višňovka, Blýskavka, Drahelčice and Krahulov in the north-east, V Hlubokém, V Hačkách and Mezouéň in the east, Loděnice in the south, Naž Malži Vráž and Na Lesích in the southwest, Lhotka u Berouna and Železná in the west and Malé Přílepy , Libečov , Nebuz and V Mladinách in the northwest.
history
Archaeological finds show that the municipality was settled during the Knovíz culture around 500 BC. Chr. Further finds can be assigned to the Hallstatt culture.
The first written mention of the place took place in 1037, when Duke Břetislav I gave the chapel in the cave of St. Ivan in the later Svatý Jan pod Skalou with their keepers, the inhabitants of Chrustenice and Nučice , to the Benedictine monastery Insula . In 1320, when Březová Lhota was founded, Vladike Přibík von Chrustenice was named as the owner of the Chrustenice fortress. In 1378 the estate belonged to Blahut von Všeradice, then his brothers Zachariáš and Bořivoj, and around 1400 Mikčík von Chrustenice. In 1410 the brothers Zdislaw and Drslaw von Malowar bought the estate and henceforth gave themselves the title Chraustensky von Malowar ( Chroustenský z Malovar ); until 1468 their sons owned Chrustenice. In 1434 the Karlstein burgrave Zdislaw von Buřenitz defeated an army of Friedrich Libštejnský von Kolowrat in the battle near Chrustenice. At the beginning of the 15th century the estate belonged to Vavřinec Zvon von Drast. The next owner was Ctibor von Svojkov, he jointly sold Chrustenice in 1527 to the Prague citizen Jindřich Prefát von Vlkanov and Hieronymus Hrobschitzky von Hrobschitz , who sold the estate in 1535 to Heinrich Hrobschitzky von Hrobschitz († 1549). In 1558 Thomas Pichl von Pichlsberg († 1580) bought the fortress and the Chrustenice estate with Kmetenhöfe ( dvory kmetcí ) and a mill for 1300 shock Prague groschen from the Hrobschitzky, he was followed from 1580 by his brother, the imperial postmaster Heinrich Georg Pichl von Pichlsberg ( † 1608) and from 1608 his son Rudolf. The latter sold his inheritance from the Chrustenice Fortress with a farm including farm, smithy, brewery, mill, garden, orchard, hop garden and sheep farm, the village Chrustenice with kiln farms and a privileged tavern as well as a farm in Lhotka and Vysoký Újezd in 1616 his sister Johanna and her husband Friedrich Pětipeský von Chyše and Egerberg. Later the property passed to Johanna's sister Dorothea Pětipeská, who sold it to her sister-in-law Hedwig von Puttkamer . After they could not raise the purchase sum of 200 Schock Meißniche groschen during the war, the purchase was converted into a pledge in 1625. The subsequent owner of the estate was Eva Matiasch von Hutten , who bought the village of Lhotka from the town of Beroun as a pledge. From 1629 Chrustenice belonged to Dorothea Pichl von Pichlsberg and the royal Bohemian rentmaster and court jeweler Johann Matthias von Glauchau. In 1652 the estate passed to Johann Paul Walderode von Eckhusen on Řepín and his wife Anna, née von Glauchau. Johann Paul Walderode bought the village of Lhotka from the city of Beroun for 2000 Rhenish guilders. In 1668 he sold Chrustenice and Lhotka for 15,000 guilders and 144 lots of silver as key money to Lambert and Franz Hřebenář von Harrach . Subsequent owners were from 1671 the owner of the Chocenice estate , Anton Augustin Binago, and from 1676 Johann Georg Karwinsky von Karwin. In 1727, Humprecht Franz Anton Czernin von und zu Chudenitz acquired the estate, but he died shortly afterwards. His widow, Antonia née Countess Khuenburg, sold Chrustenice on March 27, 1727 for 40,000 guilders to Karl Joachim von Bredau ; he combined it with other estates to form the Tachlowitz rule . His heirs sold the rule to Anna Maria Franziska von Sachsen-Lauenburg in 1732 . In 1741 their daughter Maria Anna Carolina inherited the property; Her son Duke Clemens Franz followed in 1751 and after his death in 1770 Elector Maximilian III. Joseph of Bavaria . Since the elector remained childless, Duke Karl August von Zweibrücken inherited the rule in 1777 . He sold them to Christian August zu Waldeck, Pyrmont and Rappoldstein in 1784 as non-landed property, which he received again in 1790 according to the contract. In 1795 his brother Maximilian Joseph inherited the rule. He entered it in 1805 in the course of his coronation as the first king of the Kingdom of Bavaria together with all other Zweibrück lordships in Bohemia (lordship Politz , Reichstadt , Ploschkowitz , Buschtiehrad , Schlackenwerth , Kronporitschen , Katzow and Swoleniowes with the fiefdoms Stareschowsky and Zichowsky) by state treaty to Archduke Ferdinand exits. In 1824 his son, Grand Duke Leopold II of Tuscany inherited the property. In the course of time the place was called Chrustimice , Chrussczenicz or Chrústěnice .
In 1844 the village of Chrustenitz , located in the Rakonitz district, consisted of 32 houses with 285 inhabitants, including a Jewish family. In the village there was an official apartment, a Dominical Meierhof, a Dominical sheep farm, a Dominical hunter's house, a mill with a board saw and an inn. Chrustenitz was the seat of one of the dominion's three forest districts; the Chrustenitzer Revier was the largest of these; in 1580 it managed Joch forest area that stretched along the Katschitzer Bach and its tributaries. Traces of an extinct village were found in the associated forest stretch of Březowa between Lhotka and Klein-Přilep, where Wolkowitz was suspected at the time ; according to recent findings it is Březová Lhota. The parish was Lodenitz . Chrustenitz remained subject to the Tachlowitz rule until the middle of the 19th century . The official seat was Groß-Jentsch . From 1847 the rule belonged to the private property of the Austrian Imperial House of Habsburg-Lothringen.
After the abolition of patrimonial formed Chrustenice / Chrustenitz 1850 with the district Lhotka a municipality in the judicial district Unhošť. In 1861 an iron ore mine started operations at the southern foot of the Trhlina. In 1868 the village was assigned to the Smichow district , since 1880 it has been called Chrustenice. In 1893 Chrustenice was assigned to the newly formed Kladno District. From 1909, the ore was transported to the Loděnice station on the Beroun – Rudná u Prahy railway line on a chain railway constructed by Julius Pohlig . Archduke Karl stayed in his hunting lodge in Chrustenice for the last time in 1912 . After the establishment of Czechoslovakia, the Tachlovice manor was confiscated and nationalized as a property of the Habsburgs. During the German occupation , the German place name was changed to Unterholz . In the course of the municipal reform of 1949 Chrustenice was assigned to the Okres Beroun , at the same time Lhotka broke away from Chrustenice and formed its own municipality. In 1965 iron ore mining was stopped. Between 1980 and 1990 Chrustenice was incorporated into Loděnice . Parts of the disused mine were opened to the public in 1995, and most of the mine has flooded .
Community structure
No districts are shown for the municipality of Chrustenice. The settlements Pece II, Pece I, Na Sídlišti I and (partly) Blýskavka belong to Chrustenice.
Attractions
- Kačáktal
- Chrustenitz rocks
- Mining exhibition Chrustenická šachta , east of the village on the area of the former iron ore mine. In the 84 floors of the mine, which reached a depth of 426 m, 7,771,709 tons of ore were extracted between 1861 and 1965.
- Villa Götz, built in 1907 according to plans by Jan Kotěra for the mining engineer O. Götz
- Cross on the rock above the village in memory of the battle near Chrustenice, it was renewed in 1933
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/533670/Chrustenice
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ^ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia, Vol. 13 Rakonitzer Kreis, 1845, p. 235