Svatá

Svatá
Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
Region :	Středočeský kraj
District :	Beroun
Area :	550.7715 ha
Geographic location :	49 ° 56 ' N , 13 ° 58' E Coordinates: 49 ° 56 '20 " N , 13 ° 57' 42" E
Height:	460 m nm
Residents :	515 (Jan. 1, 2019)
Postal code :	267 51
License plate :	S.
traffic
Street:	Zdice - Roztoky
structure
Status:	local community
Districts:	1
administration
Mayor :	Alexandra Pavlišová (as of 2013)
Address:	Svatá 40 ; 267 51 Zdice
Municipality number:	531791
Website :	www.obecsvata.cz
Location of Svatá in the Beroun district

Svatá (German Swata , also Heiligenberg ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located nine kilometers southwest of Beroun and belongs to the Okres Beroun .

geography

View from the east of Svatá and the Svatská skála

Svatá extends around the Hornsteingrat Svatská skála or Obecná scale (481 m) to a pass in the highlands Křivoklátská in the conservation area Křivoklátsko . Most of the village is on the steep eastern slope below the ridge. The Hudlický vrch (522 m) and the Hudlická skála (487 m) rise to the north, the Dubová (455 m) to the northeast, the Hříbce (385 m) to the southeast, the Pravá hora (459 m) and the Tkalce ( Kotzeberg ) to the south . 505 m), in the southwest the Vraní skála (536 m), west of the Velké Čihátko (534 m) and in the northwest the Krušná hora (609 m). The streams Trubínský potok and Počapelský potok arise to the east of Svatá, to the west of the Dibeřský potok ( Hudlitzer Bach and Zahořaner Bach ). State road II / 236 between Zdice and Roztoky runs through Svatá .

Neighboring towns are Svatská Hájovna, Škrobiny, Nový Jáchymov and Hudlice in the north, Lísek and Trubská in the Northeast, Pod Horou and Trubín the east, Levin and Černín in the southeast, V Hroudě, Zdice and Knížkovice in the south, Hředle , Za Hutí, Březová , Andreska and Hiršlíny in the southwest, Král, Kolny, Velíz and Kublov in the west and Varta, Broumy , Habrový Potok, Karlov and Stará Ohrada in the northwest.

history

The first written report about income from the mines on the Holy Mountain belonging to the Hudlice manor comes from the year 1417. The deposit was connected to the Krušná hora iron ore deposits to the south, but silver, lead and tin were also found in the Heiligenberg mines. and especially cinnabar ores promoted. In 1460 King George of Podebrady pledged the Hudlice estate together with the Angerbach Castle to his secretary Jobst von Einsiedl, whose descendants acquired the title Teyrzowsky von Einsiedl ( Týřovský z Enzidle ). Ferdinand I granted the Swate Hory mines a seven-year tithing decree in 1548 to promote the mining and trading of copper, tin and mercury. Johann d. J. von Waldstein auf Peruc , who had acquired the Točník rule in 1544 and Žebrák in 1552 , saw the Swate Hory mines as part of the Točník and Žebrák pledge and claimed them for himself. He had the mines raided and devastated by his troops, he locked the miners in the Točník Castle. The miners then filed a complaint with the Bohemian obristmünzmeister Johann von Witenz ( Jan z Vitence ) for obstructing mining. Ferdinand I confirmed the Teyrzowsky von Einsiedl in 1558 the possession and the rights to the mercury mining to the Swate Hory . Johann Teyrzowsky von Einsiedl withdrew Johann Drachenfuchs (also called Drastenfus ) from mining in the Swate Hory in 1562 due to non-occupancy of the pits, non-payment of the tithe and other violations of the mining regulations and left these to Franz Fleischner from beggars . However, the landlord Johann Teyrzowsky had exceeded his competencies because he was also part of the trade. This led to a protracted dispute in which the authorized representative of the co-building Elector Joachim II of Brandenburg, shift supervisor Johann Sörtel, intervened. In 1568, the citizens of Nuremberg, Wolf Krabber, Georg Schaffer and Erasmus Prenner, had another mine opened in Heiligenberg. To settle the dispute between Johann Teyrzowsky and Elector Joachim II, a special mountain court was convened in 1570, with experts from the mining towns of St. Joachimsthal , Schlaggenwald , Schönfeld , Budweis , Tábor and Příbram .

In 1576 Johann Teyrzowsky sold miners bushland on the Heiligenberg to establish a settlement. Maximilian Georg Teyrzowsky von Einsiedl sold the Angerbach estate with all accessories as hereditary property to Johann the Elder in 1577. Ä. Lobkowicz Booger . He sold it a year later to Emperor Rudolf II , but without the mountain settlement Svatá, which he added to his rule Točník. At that time Svatá consisted of twelve chaluppets. Ladislav the Elder Ä. Popel von Lobkowicz, who inherited Točník in 1585, was sentenced to loss of neck, honor and property in absentia in connection with the affront of his brother Georg in 1595 . Rudolf II. Svatá in 1595 to his rule Pürglitz . The cinnabar mining stopped at the end of the 16th century. As a result of the Thirty Years War, the village became deserted. In 1651 half of the twelve chalets in Svatá were in desolation, and only 19 people lived in the settlement. Most of the village was under the judge in Hudlice, five desolate chalets were assigned to the royal court . An iron ore mine was opened on the Vraní skála in 1652, the ores of which were smelted in the blast furnace in Hředle. In 1713 a union was formed which two years later began operations in the St. John Evangelist cinnabar mine in Swata. Her main trades were Johann Josef von Waldstein with 55 Kuxes and Franz Josef von Waldstein with 35 Kuxes. In 1719 178 pounds of cinnabar were delivered to Eule and the colliery achieved a yield for the first time. In 1721 a cinnabar smelter was built in Swata. The owner of the Pürglitz estate, Maria Anna Fürstin zu Fürstenberg , née Countess von Waldstein, had a mountain chancellery set up at the mines in Swata in 1739. The three cinnabar mines St. Johannes Evangelist, Sta. In 1749, Helena and St. Josephi supplied 45 pounds of pure cinnabar, and 512 pounds of mercury were smelted from the other ore. In 1751, Johann Christian Fischer recommended the creation of a deep tunnel in order to be able to develop the lower part of the deposit. In 1753, 29 miners were working in the two main mines, Maria Anna and St. Josephi, and the mine workings reached a depth of 60 m. The sinking of the new shafts Maria Hilf and St. Antonius von Padua failed, as did the improvement of the ventilation by connecting the pits due to strong water ingress, which the outdated drainage machinery could not cope with. Between 1750 and 1759, the lords of Pürglitz and Zbiroh fought over the iron ore mine on the Vraní skála, located on the border. In 1760, cinnabar mining ceased in Swata. At the beginning of the 19th century, Joachim Egon Landgrave von Fürstenberg had the Hematite iron stone mine Caroli-Zeche opened northeast of Swata. To the southwest of the village, iron ore was mined in the mines of St. Bernhardi, St. Petri and Mariä Geburt, which was delivered to the Fürstenberger Hütte in Neu Joachimsthal and Karlshütten .

In 1843 the village of Swata , also known as Heiligenberg , in the Berauner district , consisted of a total of 65 houses with 595 inhabitants, including three Protestant families of the Augsburg Confession on the Königshöfer share. 51 houses belonged to the rule Pürglitz and 14 to the rule Königshof. On the other side of the Pürglitzer part were a Hegerhaus ( Svatská Hájovna ), the single-layer forester's house Kolenz or Kolleny ( Kolna ) and the village of Kral or Kralowes ( Král ) with another forester's house. There was an inn in the Königshofer part. The iron and cinnabar mines at Swata were abandoned. The parsonage for the Pürglitzer share, with the exception of the one-shift Kolenz parish after Weliš , was Hudlitz , for the Königshofer share Počapl . Until the middle of the 19th century, Swata was partly subject to the dominions of Pürglitz and Königshof.

After the abolition of patrimonial the place remained divided. The Pürglitz share formed from 1850 the municipality Svatá / Swata in the district of Rakonitz and judicial district Pürglitz , the Königshofer share was under the same name a district of Černín in the district and judicial district Hořowitz . Overall, Svatá was split into three cadastral districts: Svatá křivoklátská was identical to the municipality of Svatá; Svatá berounská , later called Svatá černínská, comprised the Černín part, Svatá hudlická was on the border with Hudlice and included 25 houses in the north of Svatá, two houses from král and part of the Jedlina forest.

Miroslav Tyrš and Jindřich Fügner met in the Král forestry house in 1860 and discussed the establishment of a German-Czech gymnastics association; Their plans finally led to the establishment of the Czech gymnastics association Sokol in 1862 . In the 1860s, the Fürstlich Fürstenbergschen Montanwerke in Bohemia resumed iron stone mining in Svatá in the four pit dimensions Wenzel and south of the village in the pit field Klara. In 1868, a school building was inaugurated; lessons previously took place in a rented room in house number 74. Ten years later the two-class classes began. Around 1880 the Fürstlich Fürstenbergschen Montanwerke in Bohemia were converted to the Böhmische Montangesellschaft AG . After a third school class was set up in 1891, it had to be taught in the school administrator's apartment due to lack of space. From the end of the 19th century onwards , the village was named Svatá II. Díl, the Černín district was referred to as Svatá I. díl to make it easier to differentiate . After the school building was expanded, from 1901 there was space for all three classes with over 200 children. In 1897 the Starosta of the ČOS , Josef Scheiner, bought the house from Antonín Sýkora and had it converted into a villa.

In 1909 the Prager Eisenindustrie-Gesellschaft AG took over the Böhmische Montangesellschaft AG . The company abandoned the Wenzel and Klarazeche pit dimensions, which had been kept within a deadline since the end of the 19th century. During the First World War, the Prague Iron Industry Company drove the Friedrich tunnel on the road from Černín to Svatá to investigate the iron ore deposit, but work was stopped again in 1916. In 1932 Svatá II. Díl had 425 inhabitants. During the German occupation , Černín and Svatá I. díl / Heiligenberg 1st part belonged to the Beroun district between 1941 and 1945; after the end of the Second World War, this assignment was canceled again. In 1949 the municipality of Svatá 2. díl was assigned to the Okres Beroun. A year later, the district of Svatá 1. díl was umgemeindet from Černín to Svatá 2. díl and both parts were united under the name Svatá . The Křivoklátsko Protected Landscape Area was proclaimed in 1978. After the school was closed, the school building now serves as the home of the local government and the post office.

Community structure

No districts are shown for the municipality of Svatá. Svatá includes the settlements Král and Pod Horou as well as the Svatská Hájovna and Škrobiny layers.

and display information about the image

View from Svatská skála to Svatá

Attractions

Villa Scheiner

Natural monument Vraní skála , the hornstone ridge southwest of the village was placed under protection in 1948
Villa Josef Scheiner , the magnificent building in the western part of the village was built after 1897 and is now owned by the Šmíd family, the balcony bears the inscription Lesy šumí Tobě na pozdrav, Fügnera zde poznal Miroslav… , underneath are plaques of Miroslav Tyrš, Josef Scheiner and Jindřich Fügner
Forester's house Král, a plaque on the fence has been commemorating the first meeting of Miroslav Tyrš and Jindřich Fügner in 1860 since 1920

Web links

Commons : Svatá - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/531791/Svata
↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
^ Johann Gottfried Sommer The Kingdom of Bohemia, Vol. 13 Rakonitzer Kreis, 1845, p. 287
^ Johann Gottfried Sommer The Kingdom of Bohemia, vol. 16 Berauner Kreis, 1849, pp. 322–323
↑ 413/1951 page 4

[1] ttp://www.uir.cz/obec/531791/Svata

[2] Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)

[3] Johann Gottfried Sommer The Kingdom of Bohemia, Vol. 13 Rakonitzer Kreis, 1845, p. 287

[4] Johann Gottfried Sommer The Kingdom of Bohemia, vol. 16 Berauner Kreis, 1849, pp. 322–323

[5] 413/1951 page 4