Josef Scheiner (theologian)

Josef Scheiner (also Joseph ; born March 13, 1798 in Böhmisch-Leipa ; † August 12, 1867 in Vienna ) was a Roman Catholic clergyman , theologian and university professor .

Life

Scheiner was the son of a tin caster. He first studied philosophy at the University of Prague from 1815 to 1817 before moving to the seminary in Leitmeritz . There he was ordained a priest on August 24, 1821 . Then he went to further studies at the Catholic college Frintaneum in Vienna . In 1824 he was finally out of the University of Vienna to the doctor of theology doctorate . In the same year he returned to Leitmeritz and was appointed professor of the Old Testament and oriental languages.

Scheiner answered a call back to Vienna in 1827 . There he was appointed court chaplain on October 10, 1827 and director of studies at the Frintaneum. In 1832 Scheiner was initially provisional, and then on April 28, 1833 full professor of the Old Testament and Semitic languages ​​at the University of Vienna. In the academic years 1832/33 and 1852/53 he held the office of dean of the theological faculty and in 1854/55 he was finally rector of the university.

In addition to his teaching activities, Scheiner held various other offices. From October 3, 1836 to 1848 he was censor for theological works, in 1855 he became canon at St. Stephen's Cathedral in Vienna, as well as prince- archbishop consistorial councilor and also commissioner for the Catholic educational institutions at Klosterneuburg and Heiligenkreuz monastery as well as for the Viennese grammar schools and secondary schools. In addition, he was active as a consultant for the Imperial and Royal Ministry of Education. The reform of theological studies in Austria was partly carried out on the basis of his expert opinion. From 1863 he became an advisory member of the kk teaching council for matters of theology. In 1866 he was finally awarded the position of cathedral cantor at St. Stephen's Cathedral.

Scheiner received various honors for his versatile work. In 1848 the University of Prague awarded him an honorary doctorate ( Dr. theol. Hc ).

Works (selection)

Scheiner was involved in a variety of periodicals. He was a member of the editorial board of the Neue theologische Zeitschrift , in 1850 co-founder and co-editor of the magazine for the entire Catholic theology and in 1862 co-founder of the Oesterreichische Vierteljahrsschrift für Catholic theologie . His publication activity was therefore mainly limited to journal articles.

• The insignia of the priesthood. Primary sermon. 1845.
• The religious lectures at the grammar schools. 1848.
• Images from the life of St. Severin. 1863.

literature

• Constantin von Wurzbach : Scheiner, Joseph . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 29th part. Imperial-Royal Court and State Printing Office, Vienna 1875, p. 171 f. ( Digitized version ).
• Otto Schmid:  Scheiner, Joseph . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 30, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1890, p. 720.
• F. Loidl:  Scheiner, Josef. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 10, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-7001-2186-5 , p. 68.

Web links

• Portrait on the website of the University of Vienna