Frintaneum

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The Frintaneum or Augustineum was actually called K. u. K. Higher Institute for the Education of the World Priests for St. Augustin and was an educational institution for secular priests in Vienna .

history

The seminary was founded by Emperor Franz I in 1816 at the suggestion of the court and castle pastor Jakob Frint . The reason for this was not least the acquisition of new areas in which there had been no priestly training according to the enlightened standards of the Habsburg monarchy (Lombardy, Veneto, Dalmatia, Galicia). After the general seminars set up by Emperor Joseph II failed due to the persistent resistance of the bishops, a higher theological education in Rome was still not in the interests of the political establishment and the diocesan universities only rarely guaranteed the desired level of education, this quasi-imperial theological academy in Vienna was formed a model acceptable to all. Frint regarded the priestly "heart formation" in the sense of the Bavarian seminary reformer Johann Michael Sailer as his second pillar of equal value, alongside professional training . The institute fitted itself into a chain of other elite-forming institutions, in which the aspect of loyalty was at least as important an element as professional training (for administration, military, diplomacy).

The organization of the Frintaneum was original and efficient: it was not subject to regular state or church control, but was assigned solely to the monarch. It was run exclusively by clerics from the exempt court and castle parish . As a rule, this consisted of a pastor, who was now also the head of the college, and up to seven chaplains, four of whom acted as study directors or spiritual directors in the Frintaneum .

The college was based in the structurally gloomy former Augustinian monastery near the Vienna Hofburg and from 1914 in a new building on Habsburggasse . The priests were proposed to the emperor by the respective bishops. Between 1816 and 1918, more than 20 young priests from all countries of the Danube Monarchy were trained in this way for higher church service (e.g. for teaching at church universities, tasks in the administrative staff of the dioceses or state church administrations); many of them were later appointed bishops by the emperor or king. So was z. B. Josip Juraj Strossmayer as chaplain of the court and castle parish also director of studies for church history and canon law at the Frintaneum.

The Frintaneum offered its own professional and spiritual training program, which was intended to prepare the college members for their future service as well as for the four so-called rigorous examinations (rigors) to acquire the theological doctorate at the university within three years. In addition, they performed liturgical services in the court chapel and in Schönbrunn , taught young members of the imperial family in religion or in languages ​​and helped out with pastoral care for compatriots (e.g. soldiers) if necessary. The college members wore a blue silk cingulate and a black coat. With this institute a training of clerics for higher ecclesiastical offices was to be achieved independent of the Collegium Germanicum in Rome. A total of almost 1200 priests visited the institute, which ceased to exist with the end of the monarchy in 1918.

Well-known graduates

literature

  • Report on the K u. K World Priests Education Institute for St. Augustine (Frintaneum) in Vienna. Published annually from Volume 1, 1904/05 to Volume 14, 1917/18, ZDB -ID 2359499-8 .
  • Walter Goldenits: The higher priest educational institute for secular priests of St. Augustine in Vienna or "The Frintaneum" or "The Augustineum". Vienna 1969 (Vienna, Univ., Catholic-theological dissertation, June 25, 1970).
  • Franz Loidl : History of the Archdiocese of Vienna. Herold, Vienna et al. 1983, ISBN 3-7008-0223-4 .
  • Karl H. Frankl, Peter G. Tropper (eds.): The "Frintaneum" in Vienna and its graduates from the church provinces of Vienna, Salzburg and Gorizia (1816-1919). A biographical lexicon = Dunajski Frintaneum in njegovi člani iz cerkvenih pokrajin Dunaj, Salzburg in Gorica (1816–1918). Biografski leksikon. = Il Frintaneum di Vienna ed i suoi allievi delle Provincie ecclesiastiche di Vienna, Salisburgo e Gorizia (1816–1918). Un dizionario biografico. = Bečki Frintaneum i njegovi članovi iz crkvenih pokrajina Beč, Salzburg i Goricija (1816–1918). Biografski leksikon. (= Studies on the Frintaneum. Vol. 1). Hermagoras / Mohorjeva, Klagenfurt et al. 2006, ISBN 3-7086-0250-1 .
  • Karl H. Frankl, Rupert Klieber (Hrsg.): The Priesterkolleg St. Augustin "Frintaneum" in Vienna 1816 to 1918. Church elite education for the Danube-Alps-Adriatic area (= studies on the Frintaneum. Vol. 2). Böhlau, Vienna et al. 2008, ISBN 978-3-205-77659-8 .

Coordinates: 48 ° 12 '19.4 "  N , 16 ° 22' 2.4"  E