Křivoklát Castle
| Křivoklát Castle | |
|---|---|
 Křivoklát Castle |
|
| Creation time : | around 1100 to 1200 |
| Standing position : | Dukes |
| Place: | Křivoklát |
| Geographical location | 50 ° 2 '16 " N , 13 ° 52' 21" E |
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The castle Křivoklát (German Pürglitz ) is a royal castle built in stone since the 13th century above the place Křivoklát in the Czech Okres Rakovník . The castle is located in the center of a former royal hunting forest and had important functions for the royal court in the Middle Ages.
history
Křivoklát is one of the oldest castles of the Bohemian dukes and kings . The remains of a wood and clay wall from the old Křivoklát Castle were found, which may date from the 10th century. The castle was first mentioned by Cosmas of Prague in the Chronica Boemorum .
From the beginning of the 13th century, it was expanded in stone, as evidenced by various wall sections with Romanesque slotted windows. Under the rule of Přemysl Ottokar II and Wenceslas II a royal palace was built, which was rebuilt again under Wenceslaus IV . At that time the so-called Burggrafenhaus was built in the Lower Castle. Točník Castle was built nearby for Wenceslas' stay in the hunting forest shortly before 1400 , so that the importance of Pürglitz for court life declined. In 1422 the castle was badly damaged by fire.
From the 1470s, King Vladislav II expanded the castle extensively into a residence with new residential and defensive structures, as it was the only castle that he could dispose of as a Bohemian king. At that time, probably in the 1480s or 1490s, the architecturally unusual chapel with historicizing architectural forms and an artistically significant altarpiece that takes up motifs from Ulm art was built . This construction and furnishing phase is one of the most important surviving examples of Jagiellonian art in Bohemia.
Later Pürglitz was badly damaged by fire and used as a prison, so that the reputation fell sharply. In the possession of the Fürstenberg dynasty since 1743 , the castle was restored in the romantic style in the 19th century and in 1881 the library was moved from the Fürstenberg palace in Prague to the castle.
In 1929 the Fürstenberg family sold the castle and its inventory to the Czechoslovak Republic .
literature
- Jiří Fajt, Markus Hörsch, Vladislav Razim (eds.): Křivoklát - Pürglitz. Hunting - forest - representation of rulers (Studia Jagellonica Lipsiensia, Volume 17). Stuttgart 2014.
- Dalibor Kusák, Jiří Burian: Land of Castles and Palaces. Historical feudal residences in Bohemia and Moravia. = The Land of Castles and Châteaux, the History of Feudal Seats in Bohemia and Moravia. Panorama, Prague 1993, ISBN 80-7038-304-6 .
- Blahoslav Černý, Erich Einhorn: Hrady a zámky v srdci Čech. = Castles and palaces in the heart of Bohemia. = Castles and Mansions in the Heart of Bohemia. = Zamky i dvorcy v serdce Čechii. Orbis, Prague 1968.
- Tomáš Durdík : Hrad Křivoklát. Státní hrady Křivoklátska et al., Křivoklát et al. Prague 1997, ISBN 80-85627-69-8 .
- Erich Einhorn, Jaroslav Wagner: Ukreplennye i neukreplennye zamki i kreposti v central'noj Čechii. = The castles, chateaus and forts of Central Bohemia. = Castles, Mansions and Fortresses in Central Bohemia. = Châteaux et maisons fortes de Bohême centrale. Orbis, Prague 1974.
- Dobroslava Menclová: Křivoklát Castle. Leader. sn, Prague 1975.
