Hradištko pod Medníkem

Hradištko
Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
Region :	Středočeský kraj
District :	Praha-západ
Area :	1189.1762 ha
Geographic location :	49 ° 52 '  N , 14 ° 25'  E Coordinates: 49 ° 52 '6 "  N , 14 ° 24' 34"  E
Height:	285  m nm
Residents :	2,186 (Jan 1, 2019)
Postal code :	252 09
License plate :	S.
traffic
Street:	Štěchovice - Kamenný Přívoz
Railway connection:	Čerčany – Vrané nad Vltavou
Next international airport :	Prague airport
structure
Status:	local community
Districts:	2
administration
Mayor :	Antonín Merta (as of 2008)
Address:	Hradištko 1 252 09 Hradištko pod Medníkem
Municipality number:	539252
Website :	www.hradistko.cz
Location of Hradištko in the Praha-západ district

Hradištko Castle

Hradištko , until 2000 Hradišťko (German Hradischko ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located 24 kilometers south of the city center of Prague and belongs to the Okres Praha-západ .

geography

Hradištko is located in the north of the Středočeská pahorkatina on the plateau above the valleys at the confluence of the Vltava and Sázava rivers . To the west rises the Žižkův vrch (382 m), to the east the Medník (416 m) and the Chlum (447 m). To the northwest of Hradištko lies the island of St. Kilian with the remains of the Ostrov monastery in the Vltava. The Čerčany – Vrané nad Vltavou railway line runs north of Hradištko on the right bank of the Sázava .

Neighboring towns are Sázava and Chlomek in the north, Petrov in the northeast, Pikovice in the east, Závist and Norbertinka in the southeast, Peškov, Brunšov, Rajchardov and Štěchovice in the south, Masečín in the southwest, Hvozdnice in the west and Kilián and Sloup in the northwest.

history

After the establishment of the Insula monastery in 999, the Benedictines built the Sekanka settlement on the rocky spur between Moldau and Sasau, which was the economic center of the monastery. In the second half of the 13th century, gold mining began between Davle and Štěchovice , especially on Medník. The Goldseifner settlements Brunnseifen (Brunšov) and Šlemín existed on the Vltava . Together with the monastery, Sekanka was destroyed in 1278 by the Brandenburg troops of Otto IV . Sekanka remained desolate and its functions were transferred to Davle .

The first documentary mention of the Hradysscze farm was in 1310 in a papal bull Clement V as the property of the Insula monastery. A little later the farm came into the possession of the Bohemian crown. King John of Luxembourg pledged Hradištko to Anna Radost for 50 shock Prague groschen. Charles IV redeemed the pledge in 1356 and gave the property to the Prague mansionaires' monastery that he had donated. During the Hussite Wars , Hradištko came to secular owners. In 1421 the Štěchovice Royal Hall share was added to the estate, with the exception of two properties. In 1436 the Hradištko estate was attached to the Lešany rule . Hieronymus von Čečelice sold the Hradištko manor to the Insul abbot Johann in 1446. In 1499 the Benedictines pledged the share from Štěchovice to Hieronymus von Skuhrov. The Hradištko manor also came back to secular lords. In the 16th century a renaissance festival was established. At the beginning of the 17th century, Adam d. Ä. Hozlauer von Hozlau Hradištko, who until 1612 also brought the entire town of Štěchovice into his possession and struck the estate. After the battle of the White Mountain , the property of the Protestant Adam Hozlauer was confiscated and divided up. The new owner of the Hradištko estate with a share in Štěchovice was Rudolf Ritter von Malowitz . He sold the estate on August 13, 1637 to the Prague auxiliary bishop and abbot of the Strahov Premonstratensian monastery, Krispin Fux. The rule of Hradištko passed to the Strahov Monastery at this time . In the 18th century the Strahov monastery had the fortress converted into a baroque palace.

In 1845, the Hradischko estate in the Berauner district comprised a usable area of ​​3463 yoke 355 square fathoms. 1174 Czech-speaking people lived on the domain, including a Jewish family. In Hradischko, the rulers ran a farm with a sheep farm; the Meierhof Mayerka near Stiechowitz was leased. The manorial forests were managed by the Hradischko and Třebnitz forest districts. Stiechowitz, Hradischko and Brunschow were centers of pottery, the products were shipped over the Vltava to Prague and sold at the fairs. The estate included 51 houses in the submissive market Stiechowitz and the villages of Hradischko, Brunschow ( Brunšov ), Pikowitz ( Pikovice ), Mněchenitz and Třebnitz ( Třebenice ). The village of Hradischko or Hradisko also Hradissť consisted of 28 houses with 174 inhabitants. In the village there was an official castle with a house chapel, an official farm with four orchards and a sheep farm, an official brewery and an official hunter's house. The Mandat tavern and the Na Domku Wasenmeisterei were set apart. The parish was St. Kilian ( Svatý Kilián ). Until the middle of the 19th century, Hradischko was the official village of the Hradischko estate belonging to the Strahov Monastery.

After the abolition of patrimonial Hradišťko / Hradischko formed a municipality in the district and judicial district of Owl from 1850 with the rafting settlements of Brunšov, Šlemín, Pikovice and the Rajchardov cloth factory . In 1868 Hradišťko was assigned to the Karolinenthal district . A village school was established in 1875. From 1884 the municipality belonged to the Royal Vineyards District and from 1921 to its Jílové branch , from which the Jílové District was created in 1925. The municipality of Hradišťko (with Brunšov and Pikovice) had 580 inhabitants in 1932. In 1942 Hradischko was assigned to the Okres Praha-venkov-jih. During the German occupation , Hradischko was evacuated together with the Neweklau market and 71 villages in the area from September 1, 1942, and the Beneschau military training area of the Waffen-SS , which was named SS-Böhmen military training area from 1943 , was built. The SS pioneer school in Brunschau was established in Hradischko. On November 17, 1943, a subcamp of the Flossenbürg concentration camp was set up in the forest southeast of Hradischko until April 26, 1945; which also housed numerous French prisoners. At the end of the Second World War, old tunnels in the inaccessible Dušno gorge between Závist and the Vltava valley below the dam of the Štěchovice dam in the restricted area of ​​the SS Pioneer School in Brunschau, which is part of the SS training area in Bohemia, were used by the German occupiers as hiding places. The Štěchovice treasure is also suspected to be on the site, which is said to consist of several hundred boxes that were initially relocated from Berlin to Prague at the end of April 1945 and from there may have been taken to a hiding place near Hradischko. After SS-Scharführer Günther Achenbach reported in French captivity in October 1945 about the storage of 30 boxes with secret documents from Berlin, a US military convoy consisting of four trucks with technology drove to Štěchovice on February 10, 1946 and opened it in a secret operation secured and mined hiding place of the Štěchovice archive. The recovered boxes were brought across the German border by the US Army. After a protest by the Czechoslovak government, the US ambassador apologized for the unfortunate incident and returned the boxes with documents from State Secretary Karl Hermann Frank to Czechoslovakia. After the end of the Second World War, the place was repopulated and the municipality was assigned to Okres Jílové in 1945. In 1948 a ceramic printing factory was established in Hradišťko. From 1949 Hradišťko belonged to the Okres Praha-východ and since 1961 to the Okres Praha-západ . In the 1960s, the state breeding company established an insemination station in Hradišťko. On September 1, 2000, the name of the municipality was changed from Hradišťko to Hradištko . When the Vltava flooded in August 2002 , several houses on the Štěchovice Bridge in Brunšov were flooded. Today, Hradištko is primarily a resort with 1735 holiday homes.

Community structure

The community Hradištko consists of the districts Hradištko ( Hradischko ) and Pikovice ( Pikowitz ). The entire municipality forms the cadastral district of Hradištko pod Medníkem . Basic settlement units are Brunšov ( Brunschau ), Hradištko and Pikovice. The settlements Mandát ( Mandat ), Šlemín ( Schlemin ) and Rajchardov also belong to Hradištko .

Attractions

• Foundation walls of the Ostrov Monastery on the island of St. Kilian
• Hradištko Castle, today the seat of the municipal office
• Medník mountain with nature trail
• Posázavská stezka, the tourist trail leads from Pikovice along the Sázava to Žampach through the romantic river valley with rocks and trampoline settlements
• Memorial stone for the victims of the Hradischko concentration camp, in the forest between Hradištko and Závist at the location of the camp
• Sekanka archaeological site on the hill of the same name above the confluence of the Vltava and Sázava rivers
• Gold mining relics in Grund Dušno and Medník

Individual evidence

1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/539252/Hradistko
2. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
3. ^ Johann Gottfried Sommer The Kingdom of Bohemia, vol. 16 Berauner Kreis, 1849, pp. 56–58
4. ^ Website of the Flossenbürg Concentration Camp Memorial , accessed on July 6, 2016
5. ↑ After Wolfgang Benz , Barbara Distel (Ed.): Der Ort des Terrors . History of the National Socialist Concentration Camps. Volume 4: Flossenbürg, Mauthausen, Ravensbrück. CH Beck, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-406-52964-X , pp. 154-156
6. ^ Find of the archive of Karl Hermann Frank
7. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/casti-obce-obec/539252/Obec-Hradistko
8. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi/647543/Hradistko-pod-Mednikem
9. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/zsj-obec/539252/Obec-Hradistko