Paleogenetics

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The paleogenetics is a scientific branch of genetics . It deals with the analysis of genetic samples of fossil , subfossil and prehistoric remains of organisms . The genetic information ( aDNA or DNA fragments) is extracted from the samples , cloned and sequenced using the polymerase chain reaction .

Paleogenetics is a relatively young branch of science. The two Americans Linus Carl Pauling and Emile Zuckerkandl created the term palaeogenetics back in 1963. They pointed to the future possibility of reconstructing historical proteins and DNA sequences at that time.

The first aDNA sequence was published in 1984 by Allan Wilson's group . It was mitochondrial DNA from the dried skeletal muscles of a quagga (a form of zebra that was exterminated in 1883 ). The DNA was isolated from a museum sample and cloned. In 1985 Svante Pääbo published a paper on the isolation and cloning of aDNA from a 2,400 year old Egyptian child mummy . Pääbo is sometimes referred to as the founder of paleogenetics.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ L. Pauling, E. Zuckerkandl, Chemical paleogenetics: molecular restoration studies of extinct forms of life. In: Acta Chem. Scand. , 17, 1963, pp. 9-16.
  2. ↑ J. Hey: Let us appreciate evolving genes. ( Memento of the original from July 17, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / lifesci.rutgers.edu archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 22 kB) In: Evolution , 55, 2001, pp. 2369-2370.
  3. ↑ Higuchi R, Bowman B, Freiberger M, Ryder OA, Wilson AC: DNA sequences from the quagga, an extinct member of the horse family . In: Nature . 312, No. 5991, 1984, pp. 282-4. doi : 10.1038 / 312282a0 . PMID 6504142 .
  4. ^ Pääbo S: Molecular cloning of Ancient Egyptian mummy DNA . In: Nature . 314, No. 6012, 1985, pp. 644-5. doi : 10.1038 / 314644a0 . PMID 3990798 .
  5. ↑ see page of the S. Fischer publishing house about Pääbo