Pamjat

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Pamjat ( Russian Память "memory") was a radical, nationalist and anti-Semitic group that emerged from 1980 in the Soviet Union.

Predecessor organizations

The later main initiators of the organization were the prorector of the Novosibirsk University Nikolai Sagoruiko and the oriental studies professor Valieri Emelianow . Sagoruiko had previously founded the voluntary society for sobriety in Novosibirsk , which campaigned for a ban on alcohol and was able to enforce this at least regionally. Anti-Semitism and anti-Zionism , which later emanated from Pamjat, were also an integral part of the lectures of the volunteer society for sobriety . Anti-Semitism was promoted by the state in the Soviet Union under the guise of anti-Zionism since the late 1960s. Such programs were discontinued under Gorbachev , but the new freedoms under perestroika and glasnost now also gave non-governmental organizations the opportunity to pursue their right-wing extremist goals.

history

The predecessor organization's tendencies towards right-wing extremism , which came to the fore in the late 1970s , ultimately led to the establishment of Pamjat. The official concern of Pamjat was the revival of Russian cultural assets ; one campaigned for the preservation of churches, icons and other antiquities. Intangible cultural values ​​were seen as threatened primarily by alleged Jewish and Masonic conspiracies , but also by representatives of modern trends in painting and literature.

Pamyat members and followers also used threats and violence to pursue these goals. The pianist Anatol Ugorski fled to what was then East Berlin in 1990 after attacks on his family . Pamjat was also responsible for disseminating the texts and ideas of the anti-Semitic pamphlet Protocols of the Elders of Zion in Russia. The influence of Pamjat on Russian society was so great that at the beginning of 1990 the anti-Semitic mood it promoted noticeably increased the emigration of Jews to Germany . In contrast to other non-state associations, the Pamjat movement remained largely unmolested by state power and even received support. In May 1987, Pamyat supporters held an undisclosed demonstration in central Moscow to protest against a building project. Although it was an illegal event, there was a two-hour conversation with Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin , who at the time was 1st Secretary of the CPSU City Committee in Moscow.

While a number of other radical groups emerged from Pamjat, the organization disbanded itself due to internal conflicts in the 1990s.

Known members

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jasmin Waibl-Stockner, “The Jews are our misfortune”: Anti-Semitic conspiracy theories and their anchoring in politics and society . LIT Verlag, Münster 2009, p. 126 [1]
  2. ↑ Soifer, Valery: Save Russia! Beat the Jews! In: Der Spiegel . August 17, 1987, accessed February 10, 2012 .
  3. ↑ SOVIET UNION hurtful remark . DER SPIEGEL 32/1987 (dated August 3, 1987). Retrieved June 3, 2013.
  4. ^ Right-wing extremists - Pamjat. In: www.hagalil.com. February 2, 2002, accessed February 10, 2012 .
  5. ^ William Korey, Russian Antisemitism, Pamyat, and the Demonology of Zionism . Routledge, New York 1995, p. 13 f.
  6. ^ Y. Michal Bodemann, Jews, Germans, memory: reconstructions of Jewish life in Germany . University of Michigan Press, Michigan 1996, p. 5 [2]
  7. ↑ Maxim Kimerling, Did the End of the Soviet Union Cause Anti-Semitism to Rise in Russia ?: Anti-Semitism in Russia . GRIN Verlag, Munich 2009, p. 15. [3]
  8. ↑ Markus Mirschel, The Struggle for Party Political Power in the Russian Federation . Diplomica Verlag, Hamburg 2008, p. 63 [4]