Paper textile
Paper textiles are predominantly woven fabrics made from paper yarn. Paper yarn is spun (twisted) from paper cut into strips or torn as a raw material.
Paper textiles can also be understood as items of clothing made directly from paper, for example kamiko (kami = paper, koromo = monk's robe), a Buddhist monk's robe from ancient Japan.
history
Asia (Japan)
Paper clothing has been known in Japan for around 1000 years. Shifu (shi = paper; fu = cloth / fabric) is a fabric that was probably manufactured from the 16th century. It is made of woven Japanese paper . Sheets of paper, including pages from old account books (fukocho), were cut into endless strips, twisted into threads manually or on a spinning wheel and woven. Originally these materials originated from the rural population due to the lack of higher quality textile raw materials. The procedures were later refined and used, for example, for samurai costumes . The shoulder dress ( kamishimo ) could consist of fine Shifu, which was made from papers written on with religious texts. In 1955 Shifu and Kamiko were awarded the title of "Japanese Cultural Heritage", which enabled the state to support the preservation of these techniques.
Europe / North America
In Europe and North America , paper textiles have mainly been used as a cheap surrogate since the end of the 19th century :
1. Made of paper
- Shirt collars, ties, cuffs or shirts (covering the chest, so-called serviteurs)
- Lingerie
2. Paper yarns and fabrics
- Paper cords (for example, for agriculture as cords for grain yolks)
- Doll prams, furniture (as a surrogate for basket, see also: Lloyd Loom )
- Bags, handbags, hats, upholstery fabrics
- Underwear, linings, uniforms
These utensils were manufactured industrially from the start. Paper from endless rolls was processed in mechanical cutting devices and spinning machines. These materials were more widespread, especially during the First and Second World Wars and in the post-war period.
As part of the clothing, paper fabrics were inelastic and hard , were difficult to clean, were relatively uncomfortable to wear and were therefore unpopular.
The items of clothing made from Vliesett in the GDR were incorrectly referred to as "paper clothing" because of their paper appearance. The material consisted of viscose , polyamide and polyester fibers.
present
At present, paper fabrics are predominantly processed artistically, for example as jewelry, for bags, lampshades or tablecloths, since there is no economic need to replace other fiber materials. From an ecological perspective, the fact that paper textiles are made from renewable raw materials and are also recyclable can gain in importance. Paper textiles can also be used to attract attention as an environmentally friendly advertising medium.
As paper yarn , applications found in combination with textile fabric (eg. As furniture covers), as a structural material in wallpaper , as well as filter covers and telephone cable insulation . There are other uses in cord strength , e.g. B. filling yarn or blind wire , as decoration material and paper bag handles .
literature
- Christina Leitner: Paper textiles. History - materials - experiments. Haupt, Bern u. a., 2005, ISBN 3-258-06767-8 .
- Wilhelm Heinke: Handbuch der Papiergarnspinnerei und -weberei , Berlin: Berg & Schoch, 1917. OCLC 250054513 3rd edition, 1919.
- Gustav Rohn: Paper yarn, its production and processing , Martin, Leipzig 1918, OCLC 27460386 .
- New fibrous materials : Journal for the industry of paper yarns, cellulose yarns, mixed cellulose yarns and similar substitute textile fibers, for rayon and staple fibers as well as for the cultivation and utilization of domestic fiber plants , Lehmann, Munich 1919.
- Paul Drexler: Paper yarn industry and war economy , Memminger, Würzburg 1919 (Diss. Heidelberg), on archive.org .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Shifu on materialarchiv.ch, accessed on October 19, 2016.
- ↑ Paper textiles as art
- ↑ The thinnest paper yarn in the world ( Memento of the original from March 11, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Paper cords ( Memento of the original from March 11, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
