Justice and Development Party (Morocco)
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حزب العدالة والتنمية ⴰⴽⴰⴱⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵣⵣⴰⵔⴼⵓⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵏⴼⵍⵉⵜ Justice and Development Party |
|
|---|---|
| Party leader |
Saadeddine Othmani (since December 10, 2017) |
| founding | 1967 (as MPCD), 1998 (as PJD) |
| Headquarters | Rabat |
| Alignment | Islamism , conservatism , nationalism |
| Colours) | Blue , white |
| Parliament seats | 125 out of 395 in the Assembly of Representatives |
| Website | http://www.pjd.ma |
The Justice and Development Party ( Arabic حزب العدالة والتنمية, DMG Ḥizb al-ʿadāla wa-t-tanmiya , Moroccan Tamazight ⴰⴽⴰⴱⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵣⵣⴰⵔⴼⵓⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵏⴼⵍⵉⵜ Akabar n Tanzzarfut d Tanflit , French Parti de la justice et du développement , PJD ) is a political party in Morocco that represents moderate Islamist positions.
Since its victory in the parliamentary elections on November 25, 2011 , the party has appointed the Prime Minister of Morocco. Saadeddine Othmani , who replaced party leader Abdelillah Benkirane after the parliamentary elections in Morocco in 2016 , has been the Prime Minister of Morocco since April 5, 2017 .
The party's election symbol is a lantern.
history
The party was founded in 1967 under the name Mouvement Populaire Constitutionnel et Démocratique (MPCD) by Abdelkrim Al Khatib , a doctor of the then King Hassan II as a political Islamic movement.
In 1981 the movement split off from violent Islamist groups. King Hassan II supported the transformation of the movement into a party in order to push back radical Islamism in the country. In 1998 the party was finally named PJD.
The MPCD organization continues to exist separately from the party, but it is still closely linked to it and represents significantly more radical Islamist positions than the PJD.
In 1997 the party took part in a parliamentary election for the first time and has since been represented in the Moroccan parliament. After being renamed the PJD, it became the third strongest force in the parliamentary elections in September 2002 with 42 seats out of 325 and has been the strongest opposition party ever since . In the parliamentary elections in September 2002 , the party was predicted to win votes and finished third, but was defeated by the USFP and Istiqlal , despite their gains . After the parliamentary elections in 2007 , she led the opposition as the largest opposition party. In the early parliamentary elections in 2011 , it won 107 out of 395 seats as the strongest party, and was commissioned to form a government for the first time. Abdelillah Benkirane became Prime Minister of Morocco . He formed a government coalition with the Istiqlal, the People's Movement (MP) and the Party of Progress and Socialism (PPS). When the Istiqlal left the government in 2013, the RNI was brought into the coalition instead , before a minority situation could arise in parliament.
In the parliamentary elections in October 2016 , the party improved its result and won 125 of 395 seats. Benkirane was once again tasked with forming a government, but had to admit his failure in February 2017 and was replaced by King Mohammed VI on March 15, 2017 . officially dismissed as head of government, and two days later his party colleague Saadeddine Othmani was entrusted with forming a government. After the controversial USFP was admitted as the sixth party to the governing coalition, the new government was officially confirmed by the king on April 5, 2017.
The circumstances surrounding the formation of a government have significantly weakened the PJD: the popular Benkirane has been pushed out of the public spotlight and the new head of government is highly controversial within the party, as he had to make clear concessions on the allocation of ministerial posts under pressure from the king. After months of tug-of-war, Saadeddine Othmani gained the necessary support in the party and replaced Benkirane as party leader at a party congress in winter 2017.
Positions
The PJD is considered to be Islamic and, according to some observers, has some Islamist features. Others call it “post-Islamist”. The party maintains its own women's branch, but demonstrated in 2000 against a draft law that provided equality for women. Statements by individual management members on issues such as hadd punishments sparked numerous discussions in Morocco. After the bombings in Casablanca on May 16, 2003, the party came under increasing public pressure, whereupon it appeared increasingly moderate. Although it clearly distanced itself from the assassins and any form of violence, criticism remained that the party had propagated an anti-Western attitude through its rhetoric. In the 2011 election campaign, the party put the fight against corruption, for social justice, for more jobs and better homes in the foreground.
In your broad-based governing coalition, it was incumbent on you to help shape the legal and administrative reforms required by the new constitution of 2011 in addition to your own reform proposals .
She advocates the following positions:
- Reforms in education policy
- Economic networking with other countries
- Development of a fairer social system
- Greater Arab and Muslim cooperation
- Strengthening democracy and human rights
In terms of foreign policy, the PJD under Benkirane expanded economic relations with the EU and the Gulf Cooperation Council . In the civil war in Libya since 2014 , she supported the UN peace plan. In the Maghreb region she promotes Morocco's political model, which is described as "cooperation instead of confrontation".
List of general secretaries (party leaders)
- Abdelkrim El Khatib (founder and party chairman until 2004)
- Saadeddine Othmani (party chairman from 2004 to 2008)
- Abdelilah Benkirane (party chairman from 2008 to 2017)
- Saadeddine Othmani (party chairman from 2017)
Election results
| year | Share of votes | Seats |
|---|---|---|
| 1970 1 | 0.0% |
0/240 |
| 1977 1 | 2.04% |
3/264 |
| 1984 1 | 1.58% |
0/306 |
| 1993 1 | 0.0% |
0/333 |
| 1997 1 | 2.76% |
9/325 |
| 2002 | 7.4% |
42/325 |
| 2007 | 10.9% |
46/325 |
| 2011 | 22.8% |
107/395 |
| 2016 | 27.9% |
125/395 |
literature
- Tilman Seidensticker: Islamism. History, thought leaders, organizations . Munich 2014.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Thomas K. Park, Aomar Boum: Historical Dictionary of Morocco. Scarecrow Press, Lanham MD 2006, p. 293.
- ↑ Morocco's king appoints Islamist as new PM. Al Jazeera English, November 29, 2011, accessed November 30, 2011 .
- ↑ http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/6982843.stm
- ↑ In Morocco the real Islamists are left out . In: Zeit Online. November 28, 2011.
- ↑ King Mohammed VI. dismisses head of government. In: Zeit Online. March 16, 2017.
- ^ Saad-Eddine el Othmani is the new head of government in Morocco. In: Maghreb Post. 17th March 2017.
- ↑ Reiner Wandler: Morocco: King Mohammed VI. appoints coalition. In: The Standard. April 6, 2017.
- ↑ Othmani is the new party leader of the PJD. In: Maghreb Post. December 13, 2017.
- ↑ Ghaffar Hussain: Considering reality . In: Friday. November 28, 2011.
- ↑ Thomas Schmid: Morocco: King daring . In: The time . No. 43 , 2003 ( online ).
- ↑ Islamist head of government elected in Morocco . In: Hamburger Abendblatt. November 28, 2011.
- ↑ Islamist party PJD hopes for election victory. (tagesschau.de archive)