Party games

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The generic term party games (from the Latin pars = part) is understood to mean simple game forms in which two or more groups of players (game parties) are involved who are outsourced from a larger gaming community. Sports science and game education differentiate between party games and team games . If it is a question of ball games with party formation, one speaks of 'party ball games'. The formation of parties can take place via an election, via a random division or via pre-formed units (classes, groups).

Emergence

Party games have their origins in popular games, which have been proven in numerous forms and variants in almost all regions of the world by game research: They are passed down from the Greco-Roman culture, but can also be found in ancient Egypt, the Maya and Aztecs in Central America or with the Papua in New Guinea. Forbidden in the European Middle Ages as useless and godless, they experienced a resurrection among the philanthropists in modern times with recourse to Greek antiquity and a heyday in Jahn's gymnastics games . Since then, they have been held in high esteem under National Socialism over eventful times and are now an integral part of play life in school sports, clubs and leisure activities. The special genre classification and game designation was only made in the course of the systematization of the game inventory by game teachers such as Vieth , Pestalozzi , Froebel , Guts Muths and Jahn .

structure

Party games got their name from the formal division of the players into the game. They are simply structured. A few rules are enough for a functioning game. In contrast to team games, party games dispense with a differentiated division of tasks and assignment of functions to other players. Playing parties represent only small communities that face each other in different playing fields and are geared towards a common goal. They play together against another party in the game in order to defeat them according to agreed rules.

In contrast to the more differentiated team games, party games manage without sophisticated strategies and training measures. They do not require any special skills and do not have high technical requirements. Everyone can play along and get involved immediately after a brief set of rules and objectives. Playing field dimensions, play equipment, rules, number of participants, process variants can be changed at any time as required and agreed.

Formally, the parties face each other in separate fields directly or in a triangular, square or circular shape (example 'ball over the string'). They can also fight each other from opposite directions (example 'driftball'). There are no codified, internationally valid rules of the game. A referee can usually be dispensed with. In sports science, they are classified under the category of 'small games' or 'gymnastics games' (Austria), and are sometimes used to practice general basic skills such as catching and throwing, reacting and evasive, or running and coordinating. They are also used in sports for relaxation or to prepare for the 'big sports games' (football, handball, ice hockey etc.).

Individual party ball games such as the volleyball game have developed under the influence of the idea of ​​sport coming from England (performance, outbidding, competition) into so-called sports games and team games based on the division of labor .

Examples

The very different game ideas of the game forms grouped under the genre of party games are illustrated by examples:

Ball over the string

'Ball over the string' is a widespread, multi-modifiable party game: A string separates playing fields and game parties. Each of the playing parties acts from their own territory by playing the ball over the string into the opposing field. The simple game concept allows for a wealth of game variants: 'Ball over the string' can be played on the beach as well as in the water, on the meadow or in the hall. Medicine balls, volleyballs or balloons can serve as play equipment. The cord can be stretched lower or higher. The parties can compete against one or more counterparties. The game can be designed as a cooperation between the parties (hold the ball up) or against each other (bring the ball to the ground in the opposing field). Young and old, girls and boys can take part in the game.

Driftball

In a driftball, two parties, in opposition and alternating, try to drive the other party with one ball by throwing them as far as possible behind a previously established line. The ball can be caught, which saves space for the throwback.

Hunters and hares

The name of the game already characterizes the game parties and the game idea: The group of players is divided into the hunted and the hunted. The hares are killed or caught by cutting off. Each party alternates between the hunter and the rabbit party. The time factor counts for victory. The hunt winner is the party that catches the hares in the shorter time. This party game also allows numerous variants.

See also

Dodgeball

literature

  • Friedrich Froebel: Theory of the game . Langensalza and Berlin 1931.
  • J. Ch. F. Guts Muths: Games for exercise and relaxation of the body and mind . Hof 1796 (8th edition 1893).
  • Friedrich Ludwig Jahn, E. Eiselen: The German gymnastics . Berlin 1816 (revised by W. Beier. Berlin 1960).
  • Peter Röthig, Robert Prohl (ed.): Sports science lexicon . 7th edition, Verlag Hofmann, Schorndorf 2003.
  • W. Stuhlfath: Popular gymnastics games and joke exercises from all German districts . Beltz publishing house, Langensalza 1928 (with a preface by FL Jahn)
  • Siegbert A. Warwitz, Anita Rudolf: From the sense of playing. Reflections and game ideas . 4th edition, Verlag Schneider, Baltmannsweiler 2016, ISBN 978-3-8340-1664-5 .

Single receipts

  1. ↑ P. Röthig, R. Prohl (Ed.): Sportwissenschaftliches Lexikon . Schorndorf 7th edition 2003
  2. ↑ a b c S. A. Warwitz, A. Rudolf: From the sense of playing. Reflections and game ideas . 4th edition, Verlag Schneider, Baltmannsweiler 2016
  3. ↑ W. Stuhlfath: Folk gymnastics games and joke exercises from all German provinces . Langensalza 1928
  4. ↑ F. Froebel: Theory of the game . Langensalza and Berlin 1931
  5. ↑ J.Ch.F. Guts Muths: Games for exercise and relaxation of the body and mind . Hof 1796 (8th edition 1893)
  6. ↑ FL Jahn / E. Eiselen: The German gymnastics art . Berlin 1816 (revised by W. Beier. Berlin 1960)
  7. ^ SA Warwitz, A. Rudolf: From the sense of playing. Reflections and game ideas . 4th edition, Verlag Schneider, Baltmannsweiler 2016, pp. 164–167