Passage Church
Volker Konerding coined the term passage church ( French type d'eglise à passages ) for a special type of Romanesque church architecture of the 12th century. It is related to the type of Romanesque church found in Berry in central France ; In French literature one speaks of passage berrichon and thus generally designates the floor plan type in Romanesque churches, in which small openings on the sides lead to the choir or transept.
In the Passagenkirche, as worked out by Konerding, the crossing tower stands between the walls of the considerably wider nave , a wide choir and the separated transepts. The choir and the transepts are vaulted, while the nave has a flat ceiling or an open roof structure. The transept sometimes protrudes only insignificantly from the nave (e.g. Martigny-le-Comte).
A passage church is characterized by the passages berrichon , which lie between the main nave and the transept. This church shape is reminiscent of Roman triumphal arches and its rooms appear self-sufficient. An example of such a church is the completely preserved three -apse church of Saint-Céneri-le-Gérei in the town of the same name in Normandy . The no longer preserved church “Notre-Dame de l'Infirmerie” in Cluny (recognizable in old plans southeast of the abbey church) could have been such a passage church, especially since most of the passage churches identified by Konerding were built dependent on Cluny.
In 2013, the art historian Hermann Hipp suggested that Hamburg's Little Michel - the Church of St. Ansgar and St. Bernhard - should be interpreted as a passage church. The executing Parisian architect Jean-Charles Moreux (1889–1956) was identified as a specialist in a standard work on architectural history that he had written and in 1952/1953 intended references to the Romanesque style in Burgundy and gave this Hamburg church building a shape that coincides with her a main nave runs towards an arch, which is accompanied by passages on both sides.
literature
- Jean Bony: French Gothic Architecture of the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries . Berkeley 1983.
- Volker Konerding: The Passagenkirche - a type of Romanesque architecture in France (Contributions to Art History, Vol. 12). de Gruyter Berlin 1976. ISBN 3110045370
- Jacques Mallet: Le type d'églises à passages en Anjou. Essai d'interprétation . In: Cahiers de civilization médiévale Vol. 25 (1982), pp. 49-62.
Single receipts
- ↑ http://cem.revues.org/docannexe/image/12661/img-1.jpg
- ^ Jean-Charles Moreux in the French language Wikipedia; The original files of Little Michel can be found in the Archives d'architecture du XXe siècle, Fonds Moreux, Paris; http://archiwebture.citechaillot.fr/
- ↑ http://www.kleiner-michel.de/assets/templates/kleinermichel/images/veranstaltungen/Bautagebuch_2012_ff/130730_19530114_Moreux_Schnitt-Chorraum.jpg Original drawing of the bow - cut Kleiner Michel 1953
