Paverknių piliakalnis
| Paverknių piliakalnis Paverknių castle hill |
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 Burghügel and Verkne (2016) |
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| Creation time : | 12th Century | |
| Castle type : | Niederungsburg | |
| Conservation status: | destroyed in the 11th and 12th centuries | |
| Place: | Birštonas municipality | |
| Geographical location | 54 ° 36 '24 .8 " N , 24 ° 5' 7" E | |
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Paverknių piliakalnis (also Ginkaus kalnas , Žideikonių or Kisieliškių piliakalnis ) refers to a castle hill in the Lithuanian municipality of Birštonas , near the right bank of the Nemunas (Memel) and only a few meters from the small river Verknė. It is the 14 meter high remnant of a hill fort .
location
The castle hill is the remains of a hill fort that was located on a headland between the Nemunas and Verknė rivers. It is located on the left bank of the Verknė, not far from the mouth of the Nemunas. The castle lay in a loop of the Verknė, which has since changed its course and inundated and washed away part of the area. The castle hill is named after the settlement Paverknių with 18 inhabitants (2011). The place is not far from the A16 Prienai - Trakai expressway .
The area belongs to the Memelschleifenregionalpark ( lit.Nemuno kilpų regioninis parkas ), in which around 20 castle mounds have been preserved, the next are only a few kilometers away.
history
The remains that are preserved today date from the 12th century. A previous castle was probably attacked and burned down in the 11th century. Due to the floods and erosion of the Verknė, it is difficult to say anything about the original location and fortifications. In a lower layer remains of the fortifications, various ceramics, brass ornaments and jewelry, pearls and an iron arrowhead were found.
After this attack the castle was rebuilt and again attacked and burned in the 12th century. From this time arrows and blades of axes were found. The castle hill is 14 meters high, the fortified area of the wooden castle measured 6 × 8 meters. To the west and south of the castle hill was a settlement on an area of one hectare . Ceramics of various quality were also found here.
Archaeological research was carried out by the Lietuvos istorijos institutas (Lithuanian Historical Institute) in 1953 and 1971 . In 1994 the archaeologist Gintautas Zabiela carried out further excavations to a depth of 1.3 meters. The complex is protected as a cultural monument. The protected area is 38,300 m². A staircase was built on the castle hill and the vegetation cut back. Attempts are being made towards the river to contain erosion.
literature
- Lietuvos TSR kultūros paminklų sąrašas. V., 1973. p. 160.
- Lietuvos piliakalniai. Atlasas. Vilnius 2005. Volume 1, pp. 118-119.
- Gintautas Zabiela: Paverknių piliakalnio liekanų tyrinėjimai 1994 metais . In: Archeologiniai tyrinėjimai Lietuvoje 1994 ir 1995 metais . Vilnius 1996. pp. 68-72.
Web links
- Lietuvos piliakalniai: Paverkniai. (Website about Castle Mounds in Lithuania; Lithuanian)
Individual evidence
- ↑ List of cultural monuments AR827; unique objects MC 5513 and MC 22968 (settlement).