Pavel Alexandrovich Kruschewan
Pavel Krushevan ( Romanian Pavel Alexandrovici Cruşeveanu ; Russian Павел Александрович Крушеван ) (born January 15 . Jul / 27 January 1860 greg. In Ghindeşti today floreşti district , Republic of Moldova ; † June 5 jul. / 18 June 1909 greg . in Kishinev ) was a journalist, editor, publisher, and official of Imperial Russia who belonged to the Black Hundred .
Life
He came from an impoverished Moldovan aristocratic family, attended school for four years and initially worked as an employee of the Duma in Kishinev, where he published his first writings in 1882.
From 1887 to 1896 he worked as a journalist for the newspapers Minski listok (" Minsk papers"), Wilenski westnik (" Wilnaer Bote") and Bessarabski westnik (" Bessarabischer Bote"). After that he was the publisher and editor of several newspapers: from 1897 the Russian-language Kishinev daily newspaper Bessarabez ("The Bessaraber"), from 1903 the Saint Petersburg daily newspaper Snamja ("The Banner"; there the anti-Semitic protocols of the Elders of Zion were published for the first time ) and from 1906 the Kishinev daily newspaper Drug ("The Friend").
After a boy was found dead on February 6, 1903 about 25 miles north of Kishinev, his newspaper Bessarabez suggested that he was probably killed by Jews, which subsequently triggered the Kishinev pogrom in early April . One of a militant group of young socialist Zionists was the Kiev student Pinchas Daschewski (1879–1934), who committed an assassination attempt on Kruschewan on June 17, 1903 and wounded him with a knife in the neck. Krushevan survived the assassination attempt, but lived in constant fear afterwards. Thanks to the defense by the lawyer Oskar Grusenberg , the assassin only had to serve part of his sentence.
In 1905, Krushevan organized the Bessarabian Patriotic League and founded the Bessarabian branch of the Confederation of the Russian People . From 1906 to 1909 he served as spokesman for the Kishinev City Duma. In 1907 he was elected to the second Russian State Duma as a representative of Bessarabia .
literature
- Michael Hagemeister : Kruschewan, Pawel , in: Handbuch des Antisemitismus , Volume 2/1, 2009, pp. 441f.
- Michael Hagemeister : The "Protocols of the Elders of Zion" in court. The Bern Trial 1933–1937 and the “Anti-Semitic International” . Zurich: Chronos, 2017, ISBN 978-3-0340-1385-7 , short biography p. 543
Individual evidence
- ↑ Simon Dubnow : World history of the Jewish people. Volume 10: The Age of the Second Response (1880–1914). Jüdischer Verlag, Berlin 1929, p. 375.
- ↑ Monty Noam Penkower: The Kishinev pogrom of 1903: A Turning Point in Jewish History. In: Modern Judaism. Oxford University Press. Vol. 24, 2004, no. 3, pp. 187–225, here: p. 193.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Kruschewan, Pavel Alexandrovich |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Cruşeveanu, Pavel Alexandrovici (Romanian); Крушеван, Павел Александрович (Russian) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Russian journalist, editor, publisher and an official of Imperial Russia |
| DATE OF BIRTH | January 27, 1860 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Ghindeşti , Floreşti |
| DATE OF DEATH | June 18, 1909 |
| Place of death | Chișinău |