Oskar Ossipowitsch Grusenberg

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Oskar Ossipowitsch Grusenberg

Oskar Osipovich (Israil Iosifovich) Grusenberg ( Russian Оскар Осипович (Израиль Иосифович) Грузенберг ; born April 15, jul. / 27. April  1866 greg. In Yekaterinoslav ; † 27. December 1940 in Nice ) was a Russian lawyer .

Life

Grusenberg came from a Jewish family. His father was a second guild merchant and his uncle was a rabbi . He graduated from the Law Faculty of Kiev University in 1889. Because of the law of 1889 restricting the rights of Jews , his admission as a lawyer was not confirmed, so that he now worked as a paralegal. In 1905 he was admitted to the bar in St. Petersburg . He was with editor of the magazine The right and headed the Criminal Division of the journal of the St. Petersburg Law Society .

Grusenberg specialized in political and criminal trials and acted as defense lawyer for well-known writers and politicians , including Maxim Gorky , Vladimir Korolenko , Kornei Chukovsky , Pavel Milyukov and Leon Trotsky . In the 1913 Beilis affair , he was one of the defenders in the ritual murder trial against the Kiev Jew Menachem Mendel Beilis. Before that he was involved in the trial of the Jews of Orsha for attacks on the Christian population out of religious hatred, in the trials after the pogroms in Chisinau in 1903 and Minsk , in the trial of the student Pinchas Daschewski (1879–1934) in 1903 had attacked the publicist Pavel Kruschewan with the knife, and in the ritual murder trial against David Blondes in Vilna in 1900 .

In addition to his work as a lawyer, Grusenberg advised Jewish members of the Third and Fourth State Duma after the Russian Revolution in 1905 . He was a member of the Constitutional Democratic Party ( Cadets ). As a candidate for the Vilnius Governorate , he was not elected to the second State Duma. After the February Revolution of 1917 , he was appointed senator and elected to the Russian Constituent Assembly on the Jewish nationality list. However, he renounced his client in favor of the Kiev publicist N. S. Syrkin . After the October Revolution he evaded to Odessa and on to Tbilisi . 1918–1919 he headed the Jewish Self-Defense Council and the Council for Aid to Pogrom Victims.

In 1920 Grusenberg emigrated and worked on the contemporary notes . From 1921 to 1923 he lived in Berlin and from 1926 to 1932 in Riga , where he practiced and founded the legal monthly magazine law and court . The magazine appeared until 1938. He spent the last years of his life on the Côte d'Azur . He wrote his memoirs in Nice .

Grusenberg was married to Rosa Gawrilowna, geb. Holosowker, whose nephew was the philosopher Jakow Emmanuilowisch Holosowker . Grusenberg's daughter Sofja married in Berlin, and Grusenberg's son Juri became a British pilot . Grusenberg's brother was the philosopher Semjon Ossipowitsch Grusenberg . Pavel Milyukov praised Grusenberg as an extremely talented and honest person. In 1951 Grusenberg was transferred to the Trumpeldor cemetery in Tel Aviv-Jaffa . One of the main streets in Jerusalem is Oskar-Grusenberg-Strasse, and there is also Grusenbergstrasse in Tel Aviv-Jaffa.

Web links

Commons : Oskar Ossipowitsch Grusenberg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Виктория Безверхая: Еврейский защитник Оскар Грузенберг ( Memento of the original from October 22, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (accessed on February 25, 2017). @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / jewishnews.com.ua
  2. ↑ a b Еврейский мемориал: Грузенберг Оскар (15 апреля 1866г. – 27 декабря 1940г.) (Accessed on February 27, 2017).
  3. ↑ Список присяжных поверенных округа Санкт-Петербургской судебной палаты и их помощников к 31 января 1914 г . St. Petersburg 1914, p. 62 .
  4. ↑ a b c d e Незабытые могилы: российское зарубежье: некрологи 1917-1997, Т.2, Г З . Пашков дом, Moscow 1999, p. 253 .
  5. ↑ ХРОНОС: Сыркин Наум Соломонович (accessed February 27, 2017).
  6. ↑ Gruzenberg, OO: Yesterday: Memoirs of a Russian-Jewish Lawyer . University of California Press, 1981.
  7. ↑ Аркадий Ваксберг: ИЗ АДА В РАЙ И ОБРАТНО. Еврейский вопрос по Ленину, Сталину и Солженицыну (accessed February 27, 2017). ОЛИМП, Moscow 2003.
personal data
SURNAME Grusenberg, Oskar Ossipowitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Грузенберг, Оскар Осипович (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian lawyer
DATE OF BIRTH April 27, 1866
PLACE OF BIRTH Ekaterinoslav
DATE OF DEATH December 27, 1940
Place of death Nice