Orsha

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Orsha | Orsha
Орша | Орша
( Belarus. ) | ( Russian )
coat of arms
coat of arms
flag
flag
State : BelarusBelarus Belarus
Woblasz : Flag of Vitsebsk Voblasts.svg Vitebsk
Coordinates : 54 ° 30 '  N , 30 ° 24'  E Coordinates: 54 ° 30 '  N , 30 ° 24'  E
Height : 180  m
Area : 36  km²
 
Residents : 125,347 (2005)
Population density : 3,482 inhabitants per km²
Time zone : Moscow time ( UTC + 3 )
Telephone code : (+375) 2161
Postal code : BY - 211030, 211381-211394, 211396-211398
License plate : 2
 
Website :
Orsha (Belarus)
Orsha
Orsha

Orsha ( Belarusian Орша ; Russian Орша ; Polish Orsza , Belarusian unofficially also Ворша / Worscha ) is an industrial city located on the Dnieper (Belarusian Dnjapro ) in northeast Belarus in the Vitebskaya Woblasz , shortly before the border with Russia with 125,347 inhabitants. It is the administrative center of Orsha Raion .

history

The battle between Poland-Lithuania and the Grand Duchy of Moscow , named after the city in 1514, took place near Orsha .

During the Second World War , Orsha was captured by German troops on July 16, 1941. The occupying forces set up a forced ghetto for the Jewish residents of the city and the surrounding area. On November 26 and 27, 1941, 1,800 people were murdered by a German commando unit.

In 1943, German troops began setting up a Führer headquarters in Orsha with the code name Olga . Construction began on July 1, 1943. The project was never completed and never used as the Führer headquarters. However, the area was an important location for the Air Force . After the start of the major Soviet offensive Operation Bagration on June 21, 1944, Orsha was one of the first cities to be reconquered, after days of fighting and the almost complete destruction of the city.

coat of arms

On the coat of arms there is a silver paw cross on a blue background over a golden crescent moon .

traffic

View of the M1 trunk road

Orscha is a railway junction with the crossing of the main railway lines Warsaw - Minsk - Moscow and Saint Petersburg - Shlobin ( Homel / Kiev ), with direct trains running between Saint Petersburg and Minsk via Orscha. A special feature of this railway junction is its large number of randomly linked connecting routes between its three stations.

The city is also on the Warsaw - Minsk - Moscow highway, which is part of the European route 30 . In Belarus it is called M 1 . This street was known as "The Rollway" during the German-Soviet War . In the novel of the same name, Heinz Konsalik created a literary memorial to the struggle for Orsha.

sons and daughters of the town

Twin cities

Orscha lists the following seven twin cities :

city country since
Bălți Balti-gerb.jpg Moldova RepublicRepublic of Moldova Moldova 1996
Bondeno Coat of arms Bondeno.png ItalyItaly Emilia-Romagna, Italy
Sapadnoye Degunino, Moscow SAO district of Moscow coa.png RussiaRussia Russia
Krasnogwardeiski, Saint Petersburg Coat of Arms of Saint Petersburg (2003) .svg RussiaRussia Russia
Mińsk Mazowiecki POL Mińsk Mazowiecki COA.svg PolandPoland Mazovia, Poland
Pernik Pernik-coat-of-arms.svg BulgariaBulgaria Bulgaria 2008
Pushkino Coat of Arms of Pushkino rayon (Moscow oblast) .png RussiaRussia Moscow, Russia
Telšiai Telsiai COA.gif LithuaniaLithuania  Lithuania 2009
Vyasma Coat of Arms of Vyazma (Smolensk Oblast) (1780) .png RussiaRussia Smolensk, Russia

literature

Web links

Commons : Orscha  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Делегации городов-побратимов приедут в Оршу на празднование Дня мира | Новости региона | Лиозненский район | Лиозно | Новости Лиозно | Новости Лиозненского района | Лиозненский райисполком . In: liozno.vitebsk-region.gov.by. September 15, 2010, accessed October 24, 2017 .