Lasar Solomonowitsch Polyakow

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Lasar Solomonowitsch Polyakow ( KJ Makowski 1882)

Lasar Solomonowitsch Polyakow ( Russian Лазарь Соломонович Поляков ; * 1842 in Orsha , † 1914 in Paris ) was a Russian banker .

Life

Polyakov was the son of the Jewish 1st guild merchant Solomon Lasarewitsch Polyakow. He began his career as an assistant to his older brother Samuil , who was successfully involved in railway construction with him . The oldest brother Jakow also became a successful entrepreneur .

Moscow International Commercial Bank

1871 Lazar Polyakov CEO of Orlov Business Bank and the Moscow Mortgage Bank -Bank . In 1872 he founded his first bank, the LS Polyakov Bank in Moscow. In 1873 he became chairman of the board of the business insurance company . In 1885 he took over the chairmanship of the Moscow International Commercial Bank . He founded other commercial banks in Oryol , St. Petersburg and Odessa . In 1890 he founded the Russian Bank for Trade and Industry . In 1895 he became chairman of the supervisory board of the St. Petersburg-Moscow commercial bank . 1897–1898 a new building was built for the Moscow International Commercial Bank on Kuznetski-Most-Strasse, modeled on the Banco di Santo Spirito in Rome , for which Polyakov had commissioned the Austrian architect Simon Eibuschitz . With his banks and holding companies he had assets of around 40 million rubles . So he competed with the non-Jewish Russian bankers, who were represented by the Moscow mayor Nikolai Alexejew and who presumably influenced anti-Jewish legislation. In 1897, after being raised to the hereditary nobility, he became a real councilor (1906 Privy Council ).

Polyakov was among the first to enter the Central Asian market after Turkestan was calmed down. He organized Persian and Central Asian businesses and societies. A match factory was built in Tehran for 400,000 rubles, but its products were not competitive with Austrian imports. In 1890 Polyakov became Persian consul general in Moscow and also head of the Moscow Jewish community.

In addition to his business, Polyakov operated as a benefactor. He was a trustee of the Imperial Philanthropic Society . He built a house with cheap and free housing for the poor. He donated 640,000 rubles for the establishment of the Ataman University of Technology in Novocherkassk . In 1886 he donated a piece of land and significant sums for the construction and maintenance of the Choral Synagogue in Moscow. He participated in the construction of the Alexander III Museum of Fine Arts in Moscow (today the Pushkin Museum , which has a Polyakov Hall). He made a generous donation to the Rumyantsev Museum .

1908 Polyakov lost its offices in most banks and companies, after he had lost his fortune during the economic crisis a significant part and his brother Yakov 1901 with its St. Petersburg- Azov -Bank in the bankruptcy had gone. The consolidation of the Polyakov companies was carried out by a group of people under the leadership of Count WS Tatishchev under the umbrella of a new United Bank . After Polyakov's death, his sons refused to accept the debt-laden inheritance.

After Polyakov's death in Paris, his body was transferred to the Moscow Jewish cemetery. He was married to Rosalija Faiwelewna geb. Wydrina, with whom he had five children, the sons Alexander, Isaak, Dmitri and Michail and the daughter Zita, who married the Zionist and co-signer of the Israeli Declaration of Independence Eliyahu Berligne . Polyakov was considered the father of the prima ballerina Anna Pavlovna Pavlova .

Honors

Web links

Commons : Polyakov family  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Е. Заславская: Братья Поляковы - коммерсанты, дворяне, евреи (accessed March 6, 2017).
  2. ↑ Краткая еврейская энциклопедия: Поляковы, братья (accessed March 6, 2017).
  3. ↑ a b c d Brumfield, Anan'ich, Petrov: Commerce in Russian Urban Culture 1861-1914 . Woodrow Wilson Center Press, Johns Hopkins University Press, 2002.
  4. ^ Dubnow, SM: History of the Jews in Russia and Poland. Volume II: From the death of Alexander I. until the death of Alexander III. (1825-1894) (accessed March 6, 2017) . The Jewish publication society of America, Philadelphia 1918.
  5. ↑ Казем-Заде Ф .: Борьба за влияние в Персии. Дипломатическое противостояние России и Англии .
  6. ↑ Павлова Анна Павловна - биография русской лирической балерины (accessed March 6, 2017).
personal data
SURNAME Polyakov, Lasar Solomonowitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Поляков, Лазарь Соломонович (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian banker
DATE OF BIRTH 1842
PLACE OF BIRTH Orsha
DATE OF DEATH 1914
Place of death Paris