Parish church of St. Martin am Ybbsfelde
The parish church of St. Martin am Ybbsfelde stands in an elevated position in the village of St. Martin am Ybbsfelde in the market town of St. Martin-Karl Bach in the district of Melk in Lower Austria . The Roman Catholic parish church consecrated to St. Martin of Tours belongs to the deanery of Ybbs in the diocese of St. Pölten . The church is a listed building ( list entry ).
history
A parish vicariate of Ybbs was mentioned in documents in 1147, 1332 and 1429. In 1805 and 1809 the church was looted. In 1939 the church was elevated to a parish church.
The previous church was probably built in the first half of the 9th century. Then three medieval construction phases were determined: The Romanesque choir square in the 12th century, then followed an early and high Gothic building phase in the beginning of the 14th century with the west tower, the former south portal and the choir, the Romanesque foundation walls were used The choir was enlarged by a fifteenth part, then the west gallery and sacristy followed in the late Gothic style at the end of the 15th century. A late Gothic south chapel was demolished in the 17th century and the foundations were uncovered in 1987. In 1879 the former churchyard wall was removed and the cemetery moved to the outskirts. In 1940 the roof of the choir was aligned with the higher roof of the nave. In 1948 the church was restored and mural paintings on the south choir wall were uncovered. In 1956 and 1971 the outside of the church was restored. 1987/1988 the nave was rebuilt on both sides according to the plans of the architect Wolfgang Zehetner.
architecture
The church building includes a high, massive Gothic west tower and an early Gothic choir, with the new transverse rectangular nave from 1988 on the site of a former Romanesque nave in between. The exterior of the church shows a massive Gothic church building with a fortified church with a choir, tower and sacristy and a richly windowed nave with, in comparison, very thin walls.
The massive choir with a five-sided closure shows a coffin cornice and double stepped buttresses, in the east it has a narrow two-lane pointed arched window with tracery and three three-pass windows, the two side choir closure windows are walled up and bricked up to form rectangular windows in the north and south. The massive square sacristy to the north of the choir has a hipped roof, rectangular windows with beveled stone walls and plug-in grilles. The west tower from the beginning of the 14th century shows a stone block, it has a long slit window and coupled pointed arched windows with cloverleaf arches, it wears a double onion helmet with clock gables from the end of the 18th century, renewed in 1937. The tower shows a painted shield on the southern front, restored around 1500, 1948 and 1971. The richly windowed new nave is at the same height as the choir, the nave extends symmetrically to the north and south with tapering leaf-like wing structures under low half-hipped roofs, on the sloping sides there are again pointed extensions, on the east side as an anteroom, on the west side as a gallery, under half-hipped roofs .
The interior of the church shows a slightly raised two-bay choir with a slightly warped cross-ribbed vault with heavy ribs with a wedge-shaped cross-section and a five-part polygonal connection on bundled round services above massive polygonal wall templates tapered at the top or capped with horn consoles and keystones in relief. On both sides there is a three-part Gothic session with grooved pointed arches on rounded consoles from the beginning of the 14th century, in the north wall of the sacristy there is a narrow shoulder portal with the original iron door to the sacristy. The sacristy has a vault with two heavily cut ribs from the end of the 15th century. The late Gothic round-arched sacrament niche in a rectangular bar frame was created around 1500. The tower ground floor is flat barrel vaulted with a pointed arched passage to the nave. The nave with the wing structures on the side shows itself under a flat ceiling. The late Gothic organ loft arched with star ribs from the end of the 15th century with three keeled pointed arches made of polygonal octagonal pillars or semicircular services was preserved and integrated into the modern nave, while the loft in the wing buildings was continued like a balcony.
In the choir in the area of the former Romanesque choir square, there is a crypt as a choir substructure as a narrow groin-vaulted room with an adjoining strong pointed arch and polygonal closure.
A wall painting on the south wall of the Chorjoch was uncovered in 1949 and restored in 1988. In three superimposed stripes from top to bottom there are depictions of passion scenes with crowning thorns, flagellation, carrying the cross and donation of the cloak of St. Martin around 1300, the preliminary drawings and the primer are partly recognizable. There are also twelve painted consecration crosses. The stained glass in the Holy Family choir, Christ as Good Shepherd, was created by Rudolf Nagl in 1933. The stained glass in the new nave was created by Cäcilia, Theresa von Lisieux and Thomas in 1988.
Furnishing
The high altar around 1725/1730 is a baroque columned retable with side portals and a volute extract, the tabernacle with side volutes and adoring angels stands tall and massive on the sarcophagus, above the sacrificial portals are the statues Peter and Paul, on the extract Katharina and Barbara High altar leaf shows St. Martin and the upper picture the Holy Trinity.
A Romanesque chapter from the 12th century was found under the choir and placed on a new column with a base. The pulpit on a late-Gothic foot from the end of the 15th century carries a baroque eight-sided basket and sound cover from the end of the 18th century, restored in 1988. The late Gothic eight-sided font was built around 1500.
The statue of the Madonna around 1600 was baroque in the first half of the 18th century and supplemented with a child, crowns and scepter. The Pietà was created around 1600. The crucifix from the circle of the Schwanthaler family of sculptors around 1790 was donated to the church in 1963.
A relief of Christ in Need from the first half of the 17th century was transferred here from the gabled chapel southeast of the village. Johann Wohnbacher painted the Stations of the Cross in 1817.
The organ was built by Franz Strommer in 1880, the organ was expanded in 1961.
The octave bell is the oldest dated bell in Austria, it shows majuscule and 1200 ( Saint Martin's Peace Bell ). Mathias Prininger names one bell 1691. Two bells name 1957.
Jorig Pernharz von Meiundling and his wife Wandel Pannhalbm named a coat of arms grave slab in the southern vestibule from the third quarter of the 15th century.
literature
- St. Martin am Ybbsfelde, parish St. Martin-Karlsbach, parish church hl. Martin, with floor plan, rectory, cemetery, small monuments. In: The art monuments of Austria. Dehio Lower Austria south of the Danube 2003 . Pp. 1942-1945.
Web links
Coordinates: 48 ° 9 '52.5 " N , 15 ° 1' 8.3" E