Pibgorn
Pibgorn even Pibcorn, Pibgyrn ( Welsh , from pib , "whistle" and gorn, corn , "Horn," "Trumpet" see. Latin. Cornu ) is a hornpipe from Wales . The single reed instrument has six finger holes and one thumb hole. Accordingly, the range is a diatonic octave .
Design
The body of modern pibgorns is made of wood, mostly hardwood, while historical instruments had melody tubes made of elderberry or bone. The reed is covered by a horn wind cap. At the lower end, a clearly curved horn serves to amplify the sound. Closely related are the Spanish albogues , including the Basque alboka .
Modern pibgorns are generally tuned equal-key in D to match other instruments. In historical instruments, only the octave and fifth were apparently tuned, while the finger holes for the other notes were evenly spaced. It is possible that this mood was modified by auxiliary handles.
Today some artists also use the pibgorn as a melody pipe ( chanter ) for Welsh bagpipes .
origin
Welsh Pibgorn is first mentioned in the Howell's Laws (written 940–950 AD), which stipulate that a senior musician is entitled to the necessary instruments ( harp , crwth and pibgorn ) when engaged to get.
The hornpipes were probably spread over the entire British Isles since the Middle Ages. The Scottish national poet Robert Burns (1759–1796) tried to find instruments and players who were still alive. At the beginning of the 18th century it was only played on the Welsh island of Anglesey . It was extinct in the late 19th century.
revival
With the resurgent interest in traditional Welsh music, musicians and instrument makers have revived the pibgorn in addition to the crwth , Welsh bagpipes and the triple-stringed Welsh harp .
The collections of Welsh folk songs have been edited to create a repertoire for the limited range of the Pibgorn. Welsh folk bands popularized some of these melodies, and with them the instrument.
literature
- Joan Rimmer, Wyn Thomas: Pibcorn. In: Laurence Libin (Ed.): The Grove Dictionary of Musical Instruments. Vol. 4, Oxford University Press, Oxford / New York 2014, pp. 104f
Web links
- pibgyrn.com ( assembly instructions)
- History and various forms The Welsh Pibgorn Page. Retrieved September 4, 2016 .