Pierre de Wissant

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Pierre de Wissant was one of the six citizens of Calais , along with his brother Jacques . After Eustache de Saint Pierre, he is the most famous of the group. Because of the name, it can be assumed that the brothers came from the village of the same name, Wissant , near Calais .

history

According to Jean Froissart , they were sacrificed by the English king in 1347, at the beginning of the Hundred Years War at the siege of Calais . They surrendered barefoot, in torn tunics and with ropes around their necks. So they appeared as potential execution candidates with the key of the city before Edward III. from England. In doing so, they saved the other residents of Calais from the English who were besieging the city. The wife of King Philippa of Hainaut ( born in Valenciennes ) dissuaded him from making an example by executing these six distinguished citizens.

The plastic

After the historical Pierre de Wissant, the French artist Auguste Rodin designed a bronze figure from 1885–1887. It is part of his overall sculpture The Citizens of Calais . She can be seen there in Belfry Square .

execution

Between 1884 and 1886, Rodin made nude studies of each of the six personalities. Then he draped them with damp canvas. In this way he wanted to better understand what the human figures look like dressed in sackcloth. The way they were dressed according to tradition. Before the final sculpture , Rodin made two models and a study by Pierre de Wissant. The first model shows a young man pointing his right hand at himself as if questioning his ultimate goal. In the second version he no longer points to himself, but holds his arm defensively. In addition, Rodin modeled the head and a hand individually as further studies. Actor Coquelin Cadet is a possible model for the character.

Pierre de Wissant, part of The Citizens of Calais, 1887, bronze

gallery

  • head

  • right hand

  • left hand

  • Two studies in the Musée Rodin in Paris

  • in the Israel Museum

  • Study of the nude 1885

  • Back view of the nude study

Locations of the casts

The individual sculpture is exhibited in the Musée Rodin , Paris , Israel Museum in Jerusalem , in the Hamburger Kunsthalle , in the Museo Soumaya in Mexico City , in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City , in the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek in Copenhagen , Royal Museum of Fine Arts in Antwerp and of course as part of the group of the monument in Calais.

See also

literature

  • Sculpture Museum Glaskasten Marl (Ed.): The citizens of Calais - work and effect. Hatje, Ostfildern 1997, ISBN 3-7757-0710-7 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Gabriela Walde: The cheeks hollow, the eyes empty, barefoot. Welt, May 27, 2007, accessed March 22, 2020 .
  2. ↑ Rodin's Citizens of Calais: A Manifesto of Human Sacrifice. In: Wissen.de. Retrieved March 23, 2020 .
  3. ^ Monument to the Citizens of Calais. In: de.france.fr. February 29, 2020, accessed March 23, 2020 .
  4. ↑ Pierre de Wissant, Nude Study. Musée Rodin, 1885, accessed on March 22, 2020 (English).
  5. ↑ Auguste Rodin, Head of Pierre de Wissant, 1910. In: mskgent.be. 1910, accessed on March 22, 2020 (English).
  6. ↑ Pierre and Jacques de Wissant, Right Hand. Musée Rodin, accessed on March 22, 2020 .
  7. ^ Albert Edward: Rodin's Art: The B. Gerald Cantor Collection at Stanford University . Oxford University Press, New York 2003, ISBN 0-87099-442-5 , pp. 61-64 (English).

Web links

Commons : Pierre de Wissant by Auguste Rodin  - collection of images, videos and audio files