Pit crater
The Puka Nui on the Kīlauea
Pit craters , also known as shaft craters , are circular, steep-walled volcanic craters that were created by the collapse of the ground after the magma originally stored underneath flowed off. In contrast to calderas , the term pit crater is only used for craters up to about 1.5 kilometers in diameter.
Pit craters occur more often in the rift zones on shield volcanoes , for example on Mauna Loa or Kīlauea on Hawaii or on the summit of Mount Garat on Gaua .
On the Erta Ale in Ethiopia , a pit crater is filled with an active lava lake .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hans-Ulrich Schmincke: Vulcanism. Scientific Book Society, Darmstadt 2000, ISBN 3-534-17471-2 .
- ↑ [1] swisseduc.ch, pit crater , with photo by M. Fulle of an empty pit crater on the Erta Ale, Ethiopia, 2002. Accessed on June 5, 2010 at 5:48 pm CEST
- ↑ www.xflo.net, April 2010, Florian Wizorek: Continental drift in miniature - The Erta Ale lava lake. Called up on June 5, 2010 18:37 CEST ( Memento of the original from April 23, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
