Scheduled police surveillance

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Regular police surveillance was an instrument of the Nazi regime with which the criminal police (Kripo) could monitor people without a judicial decision. Scheduled police surveillance and preventive detention were uniformly regulated across the whole of the country with the Circular Preventive Combat of Crime by the police of the Reich Ministry of the Interior of December 14, 1937, but the local departments were given a large margin of discretion. The measures were aimed in particular against “ professional criminals ”, “work-shy” , homeless people , Sinti and Roma , prostitutes and homosexuals .

The decree of December 1937 stipulated that anyone who had “ been legally sentenced to a prison term of at least 3 months ” “at least three times” could be placed under “scheduled police surveillance”.

From a catalog of requirements, the police officers selected different provisions depending on the person. In many cases, part of the scheduled police surveillance was that the person concerned was not allowed to leave the apartment at night, had to report to the police regularly once a week, had to report every change of residence there within 24 hours and only left the city with permission could. In addition, the people to be monitored could be forbidden from visiting certain places or from having contact with certain people. These measures often persisted for years.

No legal remedies could be lodged against the police's scheduled surveillance and against the police's preventive detention , so that these measures created a legal vacuum .

The decree and the implementation guidelines were drawn up in particular by SS-Standartenführer Paul Werner , department head in the Reich Security Main Office .

swell

  • Reich Security Main Office - Office V - (ed.): Preventive fight against crime - Collection of decrees. Edited by SS-Hauptsturmführer Kriminalrat Richrath in the Reich Security Main Office, undated, undated, (Berlin 1943).

Research literature

  • Andreas Schwegel: The police concept in the Nazi state. Police law, legal journalism and judiciary 1931-1944. Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen 2005, ISBN 3-16-148762-1 , ( Contributions to the legal history of the 20th century 48), (Also: Göttingen, Univ., Diss., 2004).
  • Karl-Leo Terhorst: Regular police surveillance and preventive detention in the Third Reich. A contribution to the legal history of preventive crime prevention. Müller Juristischer Verlag, Heidelberg 1985, ISBN 3-8114-4085-3 , ( Studies and sources on the history of German constitutional law A, 13), (At the same time: Bonn, Univ., Diss., 1984/85).
  • Patrick Wagner : National community without criminals. Concepts and practice of the criminal police during the Weimar Republic and National Socialism. Christians, Hamburg 1996, ISBN 3-7672-1271-4 , ( Hamburg contributions to social and contemporary history 34), (At the same time: Hamburg, Univ., Diss., 1995: Inspector Sisyphus dreams of the last case ).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Printed by Wolfgang Ayaß (arrangement), "Gemeinschaftfremde". Sources on the persecution of "anti-social" 1933–1945 , Koblenz 1998, no. 50.
  2. ↑ Printed by Wolfgang Ayaß, “Gemeinschaftfremde” , No. 62.