Polygonia undina

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Polygonia undina
Systematics
Class : Insects (Insecta)
Order : Butterflies (Lepidoptera)
Family : Noble butterfly (Nymphalidae)
Subfamily : Spotted butterfly (Nymphalinae)
Genre : Polygonia
Type : Polygonia undina
Scientific name
Polygonia undina
( Grum-Grschimailo , 1890)

Polygonia Undina is a butterfly ( butterfly ) from the family of Nymphalidae (Nymphalidae), which occurs in Asia.

description

Polygonia undina is very similar to Polygonia egea . On the upper side, however, it is very light reddish brown with small spots, of which the spots in the median spaces and the posterior edge spot are often reduced or partially missing. The underside is quite light, with a whitish gray primer with a fine grain and a dark central band.

Similar species

  • C-butterfly ( Polygonia c-album ) ( Linné , 1758) occurs in Europe, North Africa and Asia to Japan and has more and larger dark spots.
  • Southern C-butterfly ( Polygonia egea ) ( Cramer , [1775]) is widespread from Southern Europe via Asia Minor and Central Asia to Afghanistan and has more black drawing elements
  • Polygonia c-aureum ( Linné , 1758) is widespread in East Asia and has post-fiscal blue spots on the upper sides of the wings.
  • Polygonia interposita ( Staudinger , 1881) has more rounded incisions on the wing edge and more extensive black spots. It is widespread from the Ghissar to the Altai Mountains, in northwest China and in the Himalayas .

Occurrence

Polygonia undina occurs from the Ghissar to the Altai Mountains, in northwest China and in the Himalayas .

Systematics

Polygonia undina was first described in 1890 by Grigori Jefimowitsch Grum-Grschimailo as a variation of the C-butterfly ( Vanessa c-album var. Undina ). Grum-Grschimailo was not sure whether it was a variation of the C-butterfly ( P. c-album ) or the southern C-butterfly ( P. egea ) and decided on the former. After that, undina was considered a subspecies of P. egea for a long time , but according to DNA analyzes from 2009 it received species status because it is clearly differentiated and no hybridization with P. egea is known.

literature

  • The Palaearctic butterflies . In: Adalbert Seitz (ed.): The large butterflies of the earth . tape 1 . Alfred Kernen, Stuttgart 1909, p. 209 .
  • VK Tuzov, PV Bogdanov, SV Churkin, AV Dantchenko, AL Devyatkin, VS Murzin, GD Samodurov, AB Zhdanko: Guide to the Butterflies of Russia and adjacent territories . Libytheidae, Danaidae, Nymphalidae, Riodinidae, Lycaenidae. tape 2 . Pensoft, Sofia 2000, ISBN 954-642-095-6 , pp. 27 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Seitz, p. 209
  2. ↑ Tom Tolman, Richard Lewington: Butterflies of Europe and Northwest Africa: All butterflies, over 400 species . 2nd Edition. Franckh-Kosmos Verlag, Stuttgart 2012, ISBN 978-3-440-12868-8 , pp. 180 .
  3. ↑ a b c d Tuzov et al., P. 27 f
  4. ↑ Gr. Groum-Grshimaïlo: Le Pamir et sa Faune Lépidoptèrique . In: NM Romanoff (Ed.): Mémoires sur les lépidoptères . tape 4 . MM Stassuléwitch, St.-Pétersbourg 1890, p. 424 f . (French, PDF [accessed January 28, 2015]).
  5. ↑ Niklas Wahlberg, Elisabet Weingartner, Andrew D. Warren & Sören Nylin: Timing major conflict between mitochondrial and nuclear genes in species relationships of Polygonia butterflies (Nymphalidae: Nymphalini) . In: BioMed (Ed.): BMC Evolutionary Biology . tape 9 , no. 92 . BioMed Central Ltd., 2009, doi : 10.1186 / 1471-2148-9-92 (English, biomedcentral.com [accessed January 5, 2014]).

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