Postal monopoly
Under postal monopoly or monopoly on letters which is a monopoly (of a state) for the carriage of postal understood or for the award of this task to a third party.
The Post's wide range of tasks up to the 1990s also resulted in monopolies with regard to networks , terminals and services in telecommunications . These partially hampered innovations in the field of mobile communications , dial-up telephony and early developments of the Internet in West Germany in the 1970s and 1980s.
European Union
The European Parliament has decided to g the complete opening of the markets for letters under 50 on January 31 of 2008. This had to take place by January 1, 2011, whereby the transition period was extended to January 1, 2013 for some countries - Greece, Luxembourg and almost all of the new EU countries . Even after opening up, the Member States are still obliged to ensure the existence of a universal service that enables nationwide coverage.
Since January 1, 2013, the mail market has been fully approved in 27 (of 28) EU countries.
| status | countries |
|---|---|
| liberalized on January 1, 2011 | Belgium , Bulgaria , Denmark , Germany (→ letter monopoly (Germany) ), Estonia , Finland , France , Ireland , Italy , Austria , Portugal , Slovenia , Spain , Great Britain , Netherlands , Sweden |
| liberalized on January 1, 2013 | Greece , Latvia , Lithuania , Luxembourg , Malta , Poland , Romania , Slovakia , Czech Republic , Hungary , Cyprus |
| no liberalization yet (member since July 1, 2013) | Croatia |
