Nagano Prefectural Parliament

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The Parliament Building in Nagano City

The Nagano Prefecture Parliament ( jap 長野 県 議会 , Nagano-ken-gikai ) is the parliament (gikai) of the Japanese prefecture (ken) Nagano . Like all prefectural parliaments, it decides on statutes, the budget and important personnel nominations of the governor for the prefecture administration. The current 57 MPs are elected every four years by non-transferable individual votes. The electoral term has been synchronized with the uniform electoral cycle from 1947 up to and including 2019.

Composition and final election

Parliament is currently elected in 23 constituencies, including nine single-mandate constituencies in which non-transferable individual votes become relative majority elections. The two strongest mandates are the "constituency of the city of Nagano / district of Upper Minochi" ( 長野 市 上水 内 郡 選 挙 区 Nagano-shi Kami-Minochi-gun sichyo-ku ) with eleven seats and the "constituency of the city of Matsumoto / district of East Chikuma" ( 松 本市 東 筑 摩 郡 選 挙 区 Matsumoto-shi Higashi-Chikuma-gun bekyo-ku ) with seven seats. In addition, there are two four-mandate constituencies, all other constituencies are two-mandate constituencies, in which - assuming party nominations - a division of seats between the two strongest parties or camps is likely.

Political groups in the prefecture parliament
(as of February 27, 2020; 1 vacancy)
     
A total of 56 seats
  • KPY : 5
  • Non-attached: 1
  • Kaikaku ・ Sōzō Mirai (about "Reform, Creativity Future"; DVP , KDP , Independent): 12
  • Kenmin Club, Kōmei (" Civic Club, Kōmei "; Kōmeitō , Independent): 9
  • LDP : 29

In the last prefecture parliament election in Nagano, which took place as part of the unified elections in April 2019 , MPs without party nominations remained in the majority (26). The Liberal Democratic Party won 21 seats and its faction with Conservative Independents achieved an absolute majority. Few other MPs were elected with formal nominations: the Communist Party of Japan won five seats, the Kōmeitō four, the KDP one.

history

Like most prefectures, Nagano received a first parliament under the Dajōkan decree on prefectural assemblies of 1878 (staggered partial elections of half of the members every two years, extremely high census ), then, as everywhere, under the name kenkai ("prefecture assembly "). In 1891, Nagano became the first prefecture to implement the prefectural order of 1890, with prefectural assemblies indirectly from district committees, district assemblies , magistrates, and city council assemblies ( gun- & shi-sanjikai & -kai , see Gun (Japan) and Shi (Japan) ) should be determined. (In some other prefectures this prefectural order was never implemented.) The revised prefectural order of 1899 reintroduced direct elections, now as general elections every four years, but still under census until the introduction of universal male suffrage in 1925.

1947 reformed the law on local self-government (chihōjichihō) the self-government of all prefectures and municipalities uniformly; the parliament got its current name. On the one hand, the prefectural administrations and the parliaments were given more powers for self-administration, on the other hand, the direct election of the governors was introduced, which, as before the Ministry of the Interior in the empire, gives them a democratic mandate now given by the citizens independent of parliamentary majorities.

From 2000 to 2006, Yasuo Tanaka was governor of Nagano, who took office as a radical reformer and took some of his measures head-on against large parts of parliament and administration. In contrast to the mostly consensus-seeking, even with different political orientations to cooperation, negotiations and compromises in the presidential system, politics in many prefectures and municipalities is often described with the catchphrase all yotō ( オ ー ル 与 党 , for example "all [parliamentary parties except / occasionally also: inclusive communists are] governing parties ”), the situation in Nagano's parliament was temporarily reversed, in which the different positions of elected parliament and elected governor could not be reconciled: all yatō ( オ ー ル 野 党 ,“ all opposition parties ”). After a vote of no confidence in parliament in 2002, Tanaka finally resigned, but was sovereignly re-elected in the subsequent new election and ruled for a full term. In the next gubernatorial election in 2006, he was narrowly voted out.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Nagano Prefectural Election Oversight Commission: List & map of constituencies for general prefectural parliamentary elections, their composition by parishes and their magnitudes (Japanese), accessed on March 1, 2020.
  2. ↑ Nagano Prefectural Parliament : Members by parliamentary group , accessed on February 29, 2020.
  3. ↑ 統一 地方 選 2019 長野 県 議 選 各 党 議席 . In: NHK Senkyo Web. April 7, 2019, accessed February 29, 2020 (Japanese).
  4. ↑ Kamiko Akio ( 上 子 秋生 ): 第 ２ 期 市 制 町 村 制 制定 （1881-1908 年） , p. 17 [pdf: 23 of 34] in 財 団 法人 自治 体 国際 化 協会 （CLAIR） & 政策 研究 大 学院 大学 比較地方自治 研究 セ ン タ ー （COSLOG） : 我 が 国 の 地方自治 の 成立 ・ 発 展 , 2011. ( English translation of the publication series: Historical Development of Japanese Local Governance )