Praesumptio
Praesumptio (measured expectation of grace) is according to the Catholic understanding a sin against the Holy Spirit : It describes the measured sinning against God's commandments on the basis of the idea that God's grace leads to the forgiveness of all sins without exception. A praesumptuosus therefore sins in the false expectation that God will already forgive his sins and that he can therefore disregard God's commandments and break them at will. Anyone who sins on the assumption that they will receive forgiveness through later repentance is also guilty of praesumptio .
Origen is often given as an example of praesumptio , who overestimated God's grace to such an extent that he even foretold the redemption of the devil .
As protection from the praesumptio , God - according to Tertullian - gave man fear ( timor ): " Timor fundamentum salutis est, praesumptio impedimentum timoris ". (Fear is the basis of salvation , but self-confidence is an obstacle to fear.) Tertullian also points out the exaggerated self-confidence of Simon Magus , who “had such a praesumptio in his arts that he himself attributed the souls of the prophets from the underworld get vemaß ".
Too much fear, however, leads to the sister sin of praesumptio , desperatio .
Gaufredus Babion sums this up in the following sentence: “ Spes sine timore praesumptio est; timor sine spe desperatio est. "(Hope without fear is praesumptio , fear without hope is desperatio .)
literature
- Friedrich Ohly: Desperatio and Praesumptio. To theological despair and presumption . In: Helmut Birkhan (Ed.): Festgabe for Otto Höfler on his 75th birthday (= Philologica Germanica 3), Vienna 1976, pp. 499–556. Reprinted in: Friedrich Ohly: Selected and New Writings on the History of Literature and Research on Meaning . Edited by Uwe Ruberg , Stuttgart / Leipzig 1995, pp. 177-216.
Individual evidence
- ↑ De cultu feminarum II, 2, 2.
- ^ Tertullian: De immortalitate animae LXII 7.