Pretoria Convention
The Pretoria Convention (English; Dutch / Afrikaans : Pretoria Covensie; German for example: "Pretoria Agreement") was a peace treaty concluded in Pretoria in 1881 between the British Empire and the Boers in Transvaal in what is now South Africa .
history
In 1877 the British annexed the Boer South African Republic . In the following First Boer War from December 1880 to March 1881, the Boers successfully defended themselves and won several battles against British troops. On August 3, 1881, the Pretoria Convention was signed. However, it only became effective after the Volksraad of the area named in the Transvaal Agreement had ratified the treaty on October 25, 1881 .
With this, the Boers of the Transvaal regained government responsibility, albeit under British suzerainty . A British resident was installed in the Transvaal, but the British troops left the Transvaal under the agreement. The agreements also included the release of the Bapedi ruler, Sekhukhune ( called Sekukuni in the agreement ), whose strong position had triggered the war. Blacks, however, were worse off than other residents; they were only allowed to live in areas that were assigned to them by the Native Location Commission . They were also not allowed to start businesses. The independence of Swaziland on the eastern border of the Transvaal was confirmed.
The Pretoria Convention was signed, among others, by the British High Commissioner Evelyn Wood and the future President of the Transvaals, Paul Kruger .
The London Convention agreed in 1884 partially repealed the provisions of the Pretoria Convention.