Volksraad
As Volksraad ( Dutch / Afrikaans ; German: "People's Council"), various former parliaments of the Boers in present-day South Africa as well as the representation of the people in the former Dutch East Indies respectively.
Volksraad of the Orange Free State
In 1836 a Volksraad of seven men was formed at Thaba Nchu on the territory of what would later become the Orange Free State , uniting the legislature , the executive and the judiciary . The first Volksraad was set up in 1837 in the Republic of Winburg on the territory of the later Orange Free State. He had a legislative and judicial function. The Volksraad in the Orange Free State, established in 1854, met in Bloemfontein . It lasted until the Peace of Vereeniging in 1902 after British troops defeated the Boers in the Second Boer War . The last regular meeting took place in 1900 in Kroonstad .
Volksraad of the Republic of Natalia
The Volksraad Natalias existed from 1838 until the republic was overthrown by the British in 1842. It consisted of 24 men, met in Pietermaritzburg and united the legislature, executive and judiciary.
Volksraad of the South African Republic
As early as 1844 there was a Volksraad in the Boer republic of Potchefstroom , which passed a kind of constitution , the "33 Articles". In 1848 the Volksraad met in Rustenburg . The Boer leaders Andries Hendrik Potgieter and Andries Pretorius reconciled there in front of the Volksraad. The republic was dissolved in the South African Republic in 1849 , whose Volksraad initially represented the executive and legislative branches, but was limited to the legislative branch in 1857. The Volksraad met in different places until Pretoria became the capital of the republic in 1860. From 1890 he received a new seat with the Ou Raadsaal (Old Council Chamber) on Church Square in Pretoria.
The Volksraad was initially a unicameral parliament with 24 members. In 1890 it became a bicameral parliament in order to allow the Uitlanders - mostly foreigners employed in the mining industry - to have a say in local matters . The second chamber was called "Second Volksraad" and was also located in the Ou Raadsaal. Were eligible to vote for him all men aged 16 and over who were naturalized for at least two years, during the "First Volksraad" by persons aged 30 years with permanent ownership and the right to stay or recognized Buren ( Burger was elected) over 16 years. The decisions of the Second Volksraad could be annulled by the First Volksraad.
The Volksraad also existed until 1902.
United States Volksraad from Stellaland
In 1883, Stellaland set up a Volksraad in the United States , which was disbanded in 1885 after the British took over the area.
Other bodies in South Africa known as Volksraad
The South African House of Assembly was also named on Afrikaans Volksraad from 1910 to 1994 . There were also committees of the same name in other Boer republics of the 19th century.
In 2011 there were elections for a “Volksraad” of the Boers, organized by the Volksraad Verkiesings Kommissie (VVK, “Volksrat- Wahlkommission ”). But only around 30,000 Boers could be registered; the Afrikaans-speaking press partially refused to publish election advertisements. The convicted murderer, Clive Derby-Lewis , had been asked to chair the VVK but had declined.
Volksraad in the Dutch East Indies
The parliament in the Dutch East Indies - now Indonesia - was also called Volksraad.
Web links
- Website of the 2011 re-established Volksraad (Afrikaans)
Individual evidence
- ^ Constitution of the Orange Free State. Volume 55, Heft 4, 1899, p. 750. ( digitized version ), accessed on September 26, 2013
- ↑ Information at sahistory.org.za , accessed on September 24, 2013
- ↑ Natalia Republic in ourcivilisation.com (English), accessed on September 26, 2013
- ↑ Description of the building at sahistory.org.za (English), accessed on 26 September 2013
- ↑ report at sahistory.org.za (English), accessed on 26 September 2013
- ↑ Description at oocities.org (English), accessed on September 24, 2013
- ↑ a b Derby-Lewis turns down volksraad leadership at timeslive.co.za from August 22, 2011 (English), accessed on September 23, 2013