Outline sketch
Principle sketches are simple graphical representations for illustration of facts and their characteristics . They are used to make design , function , logic , relationships, effects and the like of existing or planned objects or observations visible and understandable.
Occupational groups
Principle sketches are popular with designers, engineers, architects, doctors, scientists and artists, but increasingly also with managers .
Creation and execution
One can differentiate between freehand drawn sketches , freely digitally created on the computer or compiled with the help of a certain metamodel - that is, again based on a certain principle. The name and the meaning come from the principle of what is represented, i.e. a certain simplification and reduction to essential features .
Demarcation
The attempt to distinguish it from other graphical representations shows on the one hand that technical drawings and diagrams are much more detailed and more precise than basic sketches, as these are used as templates for certain work steps and calculations, i.e. they already represent a finished result.
On the other hand, there are graphic representations that do not meet the criterion of representing a principle, that is, they do not systematically represent a certain state of affairs, since they do not represent a thing concretely or relate it to other things. This delimitation is certainly fluid, but it shows that, for example, PowerPoint slides and mind maps are more likely to be used to display temporary and sporadic data. This means that processes with a short lifespan are more likely to be supported, such as collecting data, which then later has to be put into a systematic form, or for supporting visualization of other information channels such as a speech.
Digital variant
The variant of the principle sketch in digital form with the help of a certain metamodel is interesting because of its simple creation by reusing existing terminology and representations and the associated possibility of networking with other principle sketches on which these parts are also used or the entire principle sketch as part can be embedded or referenced. This creates a mechanism similar to that in a - here graphic - wiki or the web as such with its markup language and links . Each principle sketch with the same content or subsets of content can also be viewed in connection with all other principle sketches as a level of observation for the underlying terminology. The characteristics - i.e. the graphic representation in each viewing level - can be different, depending on the principle shown [location, view, function, time axis, etc.]
Further comparisons and possibilities
By cataloging concept classes for corresponding metamodels, an ontology corresponding to a class model is created using a programming language or the vocabulary of a company culture . The application and specification of these metamodels corresponds to an instantiation of the class model, i.e. the filling of variables with data. If the data of the basic sketches are represented as XML , this is comparable to a semantic web . The XML-based graphics standard SVG is therefore an obvious visualization . In order to use such a graphic vocabulary locally in an organization , a company or a project , object-oriented and object-relational databases are also used.
Economical meaning
From an economic point of view, there is an opportunity to shorten communication channels by being able to process and make available information about complex relationships in a systematic, clear and sustainable manner and editable.
Use as an internal and external consulting tool is made possible by visualizing and adapting the meta level. This can be used to control which presentation and thus which communication models are appropriate for handling certain issues and in which processes they can and should be used sensibly. Based on the planned links in the metamodel, the communication path within an organization can be optimized in comparison with the links actually used , similar to the beaten track in the wilderness - the wider trampled (the more data), the more important.
literature
- Alan Pipes: Drawing for designers: drawing skills, concept sketches, computer systems, illustration, tools and materials, presentations, production techniques , Stiebner Verlag GmbH, 2008, ISBN 3-8307-1347-9
Individual evidence
- ↑ Prof. Dr. M. Meier, Prof. E. Leidich, Dipl. Ing. Martin Schütz: Technical drawing. (PDF, 15 MB) Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, p. 59 , accessed on December 29, 2016 .
- ↑ Bernd Bertsche, Peter Göhner, Uwe Jensen, Wolfgang Schinköthe, Hans-Joachim Wunderlich: Reliability of Mechatronic Systems . Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg 2009, ISBN 978-3-540-85091-5 , pp. 158 ( limited preview in Google Book Search [accessed December 29, 2016] illustrated).