ProRes

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ProRes is an HD capable intraframe format developed by Apple for lossy compressed video data . The goal of ProRes is to deliver high quality with low processing complexity and (compared to uncompressed video) low data rates. ProRes is used for video editing in post-production (intermediate format). A ProRes data stream is typically packaged in a .mov container .

operation area

The video editing software Final Cut Pro from Apple has been using ProRes since 2007. Apple recommends converting computationally intensive video formats (for example H.264 / AVC) and video formats with high data rates (for example uncompressed formats) to ProRes before video editing. Apple's free video editing program iMovie also allows export as ProRes.

Products

ProRes is installed as a QuickTime component. After installation, in principle all programs that use the QuickTime framework can access it. For a long time, the ProRes codecs were only supplied together with the Final Cut Studio program package . After switching to Final Cut Pro X, Apple has been offering the codecs for download since September 2011, although installation still requires a license for one of Apple's professional video programs (Final Cut Pro, Motion , Compressor).

For the Windows operating system, Apple only released a decoder for playback under QuickTime.

Another implementation of ProRes was realized in 2011 in the open source project libavcodec . It is thus also possible under Windows and Linux to encode or transcode video with ProRes using the free FFmpeg software .

Since 2010, more and more products from different manufacturers that are based on ProRes or have implemented ProRes as one of several possible formats have been available:

  • ARRI Alexa video camera
  • Atomos video recorder
  • FFV video recorder
  • Rohde & Schwarz DVS Clipster
  • Rohde & Schwarz VENICE
  • AJA Ki Pro video recorder
  • SoundDevices video recorder
  • Blackmagic Design Camera & Video Recorder
  • MainConcept ProRes Decoder SDK
  • MainConcept Decoder Pack ProRes

ProRes variants

ProRes supports different data rates and a freely adjustable resolution. All ProRes422 variants use color subsampling of 4: 2: 2 with 10 bit color depth . ProRes 4444, on the other hand, scans color in the 4: 4: 4 scheme with a color depth of 12 bits and an alpha channel that can store up to 16 bits per pixel.

resolution fps ProRes 422
proxy		 ProRes 422
LT		 ProRes 422 ProRes 422
HQ		 ProRes 4444

(without alpha)		 ProRes 4444
XQ
(without alpha)
(in points) (in Hz) (in Mbit / s) (in Mbit / s) (in Mbit / s) (in Mbit / s) (in Mbit / s) (in Mbit / s)
720 × 0576 50i, 25p 12 28 41 61 92 138
1280 × 0720 50p 19th 42 61 92 138 206
1440 × 1080 50i, 25p 32 73 105 157 236 354
1920 × 1080 50i, 25p 38 85 122 184 275 415
50p 76 170 245 367 551 826
2048 × 1536 25p 58 131 189 283 425 637
50p 117 262 377 567 850 1275
3840 × 2160 25p 151 342 492 737 1106 1659
50p 303 684 983 1475 2212 3318
4096 × 2160 25p 162 365 524 786 1180 1769
50p 323 730 1049 1573 2359 3539
5120 × 2880 25p 202 456 655 983 1475 2212
50p 405 912 1311 1966 2949 4424
8192 × 4320 25p 649 1460 2097 3146 4719 7078
50p 1298 2920 4194 6291 9437 14156

More HD intraframe video formats

  • Apple Intermediate Codec , intraframe video format for HD video editing in non-professional applications ( iMovie , Final Cut Express , Mac OS X only)
  • AVC-Intra , an HD intraframe video format from Panasonic for recording devices, but also for video editing.
  • Canopus HQ , an 8-bit HD intraframe video format from GrassValley for video editing under Windows (QT and AVI) and Mac OS X (QT)
  • Canopus HQX , a 10-bit HD intraframe video format from GrassValley for video editing under Windows (QT and AVI) and Mac OS X (QT)
  • DNxHD , an HD intraframe video format from Avid for video editing in post production.
  • DVCPRO HD , an HD intraframe video format from Panasonic for recording devices and video editing.
  • Motion-JPEG 2000 , an HD intraframe video format based on JPEG 2000 . Use in digital cinema .

Web links

credentials

  1. ↑ Apple: QuickTime Codecs for ProApps
  2. ↑ Apple: ProRes QuickTime Decoder 1.0 for Windows
  3. ↑ ARRI Alexa ProRes video camera
  4. ↑ Atomos ProRes video recorder
  5. ↑ FFV ProRes video recorder ( Memento from May 23, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
  6. ↑ R&S DVS Clipster ProRes video recorder
  7. ↑ R&S DVS VENICE
  8. ↑ AJA Ki Pro ProRes video recorder
  9. ↑ SoundDevices ProRes video recorder
  10. ↑ Black Magic Design Products
  11. ↑ ProRes decoder. MainConcept, accessed August 22, 2019 .
  12. ↑ Decoder Pack ProRes. MainConcept, accessed August 22, 2019 .
  13. ↑ http://www.apple.com/final-cut-pro/docs/Apple_ProRes_White_Paper_December_2013.pdf