Probolodus
| Probolodus | ||||||||||||
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Probolodus heterostomus , the type species of the genus |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Probolodus | ||||||||||||
| Eigenmann , 1907 |
The genus Probolodus belongs to the real tetras (Characidae) and consists of three species that occur in coastal rivers in southeastern Brazil from Espírito Santo to São Paulo .
features
Probolodus species reach standard lengths of a maximum of 11 cm and have a high, laterally flattened body. The greatest height of the body is directly in front of the attachment of the dorsal fin. The head is small, the snout (in fish the distance between the front edge of the eye and the tip of the mouth) when viewed from the side, rounded. The eye diameter is larger than the length of the snout. The mouth is terminal. The premaxillary , maxillary and lower jaw each have a row of teeth. Three or four premaxillary teeth are three-pointed with the tips pointing outwards. Two to seven maxillary teeth have two tips of the same size. The first two to three face outwards. The front four or five teeth in the lower jaw are larger than the following and also point outwards. In all three-pronged teeth, the central tips are larger than the outer ones. Probolodus species feed on insects, small crustaceans, vegetable matter, and the scales of other small fish. The outward facing teeth are an adaptation to the last mentioned diet. The body is covered with large and small round scales. The lateral line is fully developed and extends from the supracleithrum, a cover bone of the shoulder girdle, to the base of the caudal fin.
- Fin formula : dorsal ii / 9, anal v / 22–31, pectoral i / 10–13 / i, ventral i / 6–8 / i, caudal i / 17 / i. (The lower case Roman numerals represent unbranched fin rays.)
The caudal fin is forked, both lobes are pointed and covered with small scales. An adipose fin is present. Males develop a spawning rash on the anal fin and pelvic fins during the breeding season .
species
There are three species belonging to the genus Probolodus .
- Probolodus heterostomus C. H. Eigenmann , 1911
- Probolodus oyakawai Santos & Castro, 2014
- Probolodus sazimai Santos & Castro, 2014
supporting documents
- ↑ a b c Santos, O. & Castro, RMC (2014): Taxonomy of Probolodus Eigenmann, 1911 (Characiformes: Characidae) with description of two new species, and comments about the phylogenetic relationships and biogeography of the genus. Neotropical Ichthyology, 12 (2): 403-418. doi: 10.1590 / 1982-0224-20130232
- ↑ Probolodus on Fishbase.org (English)