Coastal river
A coastal river is a rather short river that flows into the sea and does not belong to a larger river system . Coastal rivers are significantly smaller than streams and, apart from streams, usually do not take in any major tributaries. There are naturally many coastal rivers on islands or peninsulas , whereas they are rather rare on continents.
Demarcation
The term “coastal river” is hardly defined; a clear demarcation between streams , rivers and streams is avoided. Definitions are only found for streams that provide clear information on length, size or flow rate - but here too there are different approaches.
Two older German-language but fuzzy definitions of the term "coastal river" are, for example:
"Streams are all larger watercourses that flow directly into the sea, while small such watercourses are called coastal rivers."
"The smaller rivers on the coast, which also flow directly into the sea, are called coastal rivers, especially if there is no mountain breakthrough on the way from the origin to the coast."
meaning
Coastal rivers are not navigable or only for short sections. That is why there are usually no cities or industrial settlements on their shores and thus only a correspondingly low level of pollution. However, they are often used to irrigate the agriculturally used areas near the shore. Here are pesticides and fertilizers washed out and discharged via the respective flows, leading to algae growth can result and oxygen depletion. Since coastal rivers are usually not dammed, they form a kind of “nursery” for many fish and bird species and a reasonably natural and therefore ecological breeding and retreat area. At first glance, the rather regional importance of coastal rivers changes from this perspective to a supra-regional one.
Examples
Examples of rivers with a maximum length of 200 kilometers and a drainage area of a maximum of 10,000 square kilometers.
Europe
- Albania: Bistrica , Erzen , Ishëm
- Belgium: Yser (Flanders)
- Denmark: Aarhus Å , Gudenå , Kongeå , Odense Å , Ribe Å , Suså , Vidå
- Germany:
- England:
- English Channel: Adur , Arun , Avon , River Ax , River Corfe , Cuckmere , River Dart , Exe , River Fowey , River Frome , Lavant , Otter , River Ouse (English Channel) , River Piddle , River Plym , Rother , Sherford River , River Stour , Wey
- North Sea: Aln , Coquet , Deben , Esk , Humber , Nene , Orwell , River Stour (North Sea) , Tees , Tweed , Tyne , Wear , Welland , Witham , Yare
- Irish Sea: Eden , Dee , River Keer , River Lune , Mersey , Ribble , Wyre
- Atlantic: River Taw
- France:
- English Channel: Aa , Liane , Ay
- Normandy: Scie , Douve , Sienne , Touques , Couesnon
- Brittany: Rance , Arguenon , Penzé , Élorn , Aulne , Odet , Aven , Bélon , Blavet
- Atlantic: Vie , Vertonne , Seudre , Eyre
- Mediterranean: Massane , Tech , Têt , Agly , Salaison , Vidourle , Argens
- Corsica: Solenzara , Prunelli , Gravona
- Greece:
- Ionian Sea: Acheloos , Acheron , Arachthos , Kalamas , Louros , Neda
- Gulf of Corinth: Asopos , Evinos , Mornos
- Peloponnese: Alfios , Pamisos , Evrotas , Inachos , Pinios
- Aegean: Asopos , Gallikos , Ilisos , Kifisos , Loudias , Mavroneri , Pinios , Rema Pikrodafnis , Sperchios
- Crete: Geropotamus , Megalopotamos
- Ireland: Blackwater , Bandon , Boyne , Corrib , Erne , Garavogue , Inagh , Liffey , Moy , Lee , Suir
- Italy:
- Ligurian Sea: Argentina , Bisagno , Centa , Entella , Magra , Nervia , Polcevera , Serchio , Roya ,
- Tyrrhenian Sea: Albegna , Alento , Amato , Arno , Bruna , Bussento , Cecina , Cornia , Fiora , Garigliano , Lambro , Marta , Mingardo , Noce , Ombrone , Pecora , Sarno , Sele , Tusciano , Volturno ,
- Ionian Sea: Agri , Basento , Corace , Crati , Neto , Stilaro ,
- Adria: Bevano , Biferno , Brenta , Esino , Foglia , Isonzo , Lamone , Livenza , Marecchia , Metauro , Pescara , Piave , Reno , Rubicon , Sangro , Sile , Tagliamento , Tesino , Tordino , Tronto , Vomano
- Sardinia: Coghinas , Flumendosa , Tirso
- Sicily: Alcantara , Anapo , Belice , Cassibile , Ciane , Imera Meridionale , Oreto , Platani , Simeto , Tellaro , Torto
- Croatia: Cetina , Dragonja , Jadro , Krka , Mirna , Neretva , Ombla , Raša , Rječina , Zrmanja
- Norway: Altaelva , Audna , Beiarelva , Børselva , Drammenselva , Driva , Eira , Elvegårdselva , Gaula , Haldenvassdraget , Jakobselva , Komagelva , Kvina , Lærdalselva , Lakselva , Lygna , Målselva , Mandalselva , Näätämöjoki , Namsen , Orkla , Otra , Ranelva , Rauma , Reisaelva , Repparfjordelva , Røssåga , Saltelva , Sira , Skibotnelva , Stabburselva , Stjørdalselva , Suldalslågen , Tanaelva , Tovdalselva , Uutuanjoki , Vefsna , Verdalselva , Vosso
- Poland: Stolpe , Persante , Leba , Lupow , Wipper
- Portugal: Alcoa , Antuã , Arade , Ave , Cávado , Lis , Mira , Mondego , Sado , Vouga
- Scotland:
- Spain:
- Biscay: Río Deba , Río Deva , Río Bedón , Río Cabra , Río Navia , Río Nalón , Río Suarón , Río Eo
- Atlantic: Río Lagares , Río Navia
- Mediterranean: Riu Fluvià , Río Algar , Río Almanzora , Río Guadalhorce , Río Guadalmina , Río Mijares
- Ukraine: Berezan
- Wales: Afon Cadnant , Afon Glaslyn , Conwy , Dee , Gwendraeth , Mawddach , River Cleddau , River Taff , Tawe , Teifi , Afon Tywi , River Usk , River Wye , Ystwyth
Asia
- Israel: Nachal Alexander , Kishon , Nachal Sorek , Taninim , Yarkon
- Lebanon: Litani , Nahr al-Kalb
- Turkey: Aksu Çayı , Altındere , Bakırçay , Batlama , Kleiner Mäander , Köprüçay , Manavgat , Skamandros , Xanthos
- India
- Arabian Sea: Bharathapuzha , Damanganga , Karamana
- Bay of Bengal
- Sri Lanka: Gal Oya , Kalu , Kelani , Malvathu
Africa
- Algeria: Sebuse, Budschima, Mafrag, Rhumel , Sawah, Isser, Harrach, Mazafran, Makta, Tafna
- Cameroon: Lobé , Mungo , Wouri
- Morocco:
- Atlantic: Oued Loukos , Oued Massa , Oued Noun
- Mediterranean: Oued Kert , Oued Nekor , Oued Ouringa , Oued M'Ter , Oued Bouchia , Oued Laou
America
- Argentina: Río Gallegos
- Belize: Monkey River , New River
- Chile: Río Aconcagua , Río Aisén , Río Andalién , Río Azopardo , Río Choapa , Río Cisnes , Río Elqui , Río Lluta , Río Mapocho , Río Mataquito , Río Petrohué , Río Toltén
- Costa Rica: Sixaola , Río Tempisque , Río Térraba
- Ecuador: Río Ayampe
- El Salvador: Cara Sucia , Río Grande de San Miguel
- Guatemala: Río Paz , Río Suchiate
- Mexico:
- Gulf of Mexico: Río Pánuco
- Pacific: Río Ameca , Río Tijuana
- Nicaragua: Río San Juan
- Panama: Chiriquí
- Peru: Río Rímac , Río Virú
- Uruguay:
- United States of America: D River
Australia & Oceania
- Australia:
- New South Wales: Bega River , Brunswick River , Clyde River , Georges River , Hastings River , Hawkesbury River , Parramatta River
- Northern Territory: Adelaide River , Fergusson River , Liverpool River , Wildman River
- Queensland: Boyne River , Calliope River , Endeavor River , Jardine River
- South Australia: River Torrens
- Tasmania: Arthur River , Cam River , Davey River , Derwent River , Emu River , Forth River , Gell River , Gordon River , Henty River , Huon River , Inglis River , King River , River Leven , Mersey River , Old River , Pieman River , Prosser River , Tamar River
- Western Australia: Collie River , Kalgan River , Moore River , Swan River , Pentecost River , Gairdner River , Roe River , Serpentine River , Warren River
- Victoria: Barwon River , Bemm River , Tambo River
- New Zealand
- North Island: Awanui River , Hawai River , Hutt River , Kaituna River , Manawatu River , Mohaka River , Mokau River , Motu River , Piako River , Rangitaiki River , Rangitikei River , Raukokore River , Ruamahanga River , Tarawera River , Tukituki River , Uawa River , Waiapu River , Waihou River , Waioeka River , Waipaoa River , Wairoa River (Bay of Plenty) , Wairoa River (Hawke's Bay) , Wairoa River (Northland) , Waitangi River , Waitara River , Whakatane River , Whangaehu River
- South Island: Aorere River , Aparima River , Awatere River , Buller River , Catlins River , Clarence River , Gray River , Haast River , Heaphy River , Karamea River , Mataura River , Motueka River , Oreti River , Patea River , Pelorus River , Rakaia River , Rangitata River , Selwyn River , Shag River , Taieri River , Takaka River , Taramakau River , Tokomairiro River , Waiau River , Waiau River (Foveaux Strait) , Waimakariri River , Waimangaroa River , Wairau River , Waitaki River
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hartmut reader (ed.): Diercke Dictionary General geography (= dtv . Band 3422 ). 13th edition. Deutscher Taschenbuch-Verlag, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-423-03422-X , p. 469 .
- ↑ Armin Schoklitsch: The course of the river . In: Armin Schoklitsch (Ed.): The hydraulic engineering . Springer, Vienna 1930, p. 142 .
- ↑ Otto Streck: Fundamentals of water management and hydrology . Springer, Berlin 1953, p. 169 .