Kelani
| Kelani Ganga | ||
 The Kelani at Kitulgala |
||
| Data | ||
| location |
 Sri Lanka ; In the southwest
|
|
| River system | Kelani | |
| source | Maskalaiya Oya and the Kehelgamuwa Oya from the central highlands at Sri Pada 6 ° 58 ′ 58 ″ N , 80 ° 27 ′ 0 ″ E |
|
| Source height | 107 m | |
| muzzle | At Colombo in the Lakkadive Sea (Indian Ocean) Coordinates: 6 ° 58 '43 " N , 79 ° 52' 10" E 6 ° 58 '43 " N , 79 ° 52' 10" E |
|
| Mouth height | 0 m | |
| Height difference | 107 m | |
| Bottom slope | 0.74 ‰ | |
| length | 145 km | |
| Catchment area | 2292 km² | |
| Discharge at the Hanwella A Eo gauge : 1740 km² Location: 20 km above the mouth |
MNQ MQ Mq MHQ |
26 m³ / s 84 m³ / s 48.3 l / (s km²) 144 m³ / s |
| Big cities | Colombo | |
| Medium-sized cities | Avissawella | |
The Kelani is a coastal river in the southwest of Sri Lanka . It served as a substitute for the Kwai River in the film: " The Bridge on the Kwai ".
course
It flows through the districts of Kegalle and Colombo . It arises from the confluence of the Maskalaiya Oya and the Kehelgamuwa Oya, whose sources are in the wetlands of the central highlands on the Sri Pada . It flows into the Indian Ocean near the city of Colombo . The river is heavily polluted by extensive agriculture, sand mining in the river area and the inadequate treatment technology in Sri Lanka.
use
The river is important for various industries. In addition to irrigation and fishing, transport, sand mining and hydroelectric power stations should be mentioned. It also plays a major role in Colombo's drinking water supply. There are plans to channel up to 350 million cubic meters per year from its headwaters through a 6.5 km long tunnel into the Mahaweli river system.
Hydrometry
The river is heavily influenced by the southwest monsoon . When the moist warm air is pushed up to the Central Highlands, the clouds rain down and sometimes cause devastating floods. Particularly in June, heavy rain increases the amount of runoff that is usual during the dry season tenfold. The effects of the floods are exacerbated by the low gradient in the lower two thirds of the river and by human intervention. This includes deforestation and the associated increasing erosion, soil sealing and building that is not suitable for flooding.
The data shown in the diagram were taken at the Hanwella measuring station between 1973 and 2004 in m³ / s, approx. 20 km above the mouth of the Kelani. The flow rate observed there was fed by most of the river's catchment area.
Depending on the course of the monsoons, the annual runoff can fluctuate greatly. At the measuring station in Glencourse at about 1462 km² of the catchment area, an average of 4565 million cubic meters (MCM) were measured between 1948 and 1993 with a standard deviation of 895 MCM with a minimum of 2655 MCM in 1984 and a maximum of 6556 MCM in the year 1976.
The bridge on the Kwai
The wooden bridge at Kitulgala over the Kelani was recreated for the film Die Brücke am Kwai . It consisted of 1,200 bamboo tubes , was 35 meters high and 130 meters long. This made the bridge the largest bridge setting in film history to date . It was blown up during the filming for the final scene while an unoccupied train drove over it.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Development of a Flood Forecasting Model For Kalu River and Kelani River Basins in Sri Lanka using Radial Basis Function Neural Networks (PDF file; 1.23 MB)
- ^ A b The Study of the Management of Groundwater Resources in Sri Lanka. (PDF; 1.8 MB) Retrieved November 18, 2019 .
- ↑ Excerpt from: The Island Views (PDF file; 107 kB)
- ↑ Urban Flood Risk Mitigation in Kalutara City, Sri Lanka (PDF file; 11.20 MB)
- ↑ A Hydrological Solution Towarde Racial Integration for one Sri Lanka (PDF; 3.1 MB)
- ↑ Comparison Study of existing flood management system in Japan and Sri Lanka (PDF file; 4.16 MB)
- ↑ Sensitivity of Kelani streamflow in Sri Lanka to ENSO ( Memento of the original from June 22, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Sri Lanka for advanced students
