Project Jupyter
| Project Jupyter (Jupyter) |
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|---|---|
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| legal form | Non-profit organization |
| founding | 2014 |
| founder | Fernando Pérez |
| purpose | Support of interactive scientific data evaluations and scientific calculations with all programming languages. |
| Website | https://jupyter.org/ |
Project Jupyter ( [ ˈdʒuːpɪtər ] ) is a non-profit organization founded to "develop open source software, open standards and services for interactive work with dozens of programming languages". The name Jupyter refers to the three main programming languages Julia , Python and R and is also a homage to Galileo's notebook entries for the discovery of Jupiter's moons , in which Galileo presented observations and measurement data together with metadata .
Project Jupyter has developed the Jupyter Notebook , JupyterHub and JupyterLab products . Jupyter is already being traded as an alternative to Microsoft Excel, as it offers a number of advantages over the classic spreadsheet, e.g. B. less susceptibility to errors, reusability or better internal documentation.
history
In 2014 Fernando Pérez announced a spin-off from the IPython project with the new name Project Jupyter . IPython continues to exist as a Python shell and kernel for Jupyter, while the notebook and other language-independent parts are now further developed under the name Jupyter. Jupyter is language independent and supports the execution of many different languages like Julia , R , Haskell , Ruby and of course Python (via the IPython kernel).
In 2015, GitHub and Project Jupyter announced that the Jupyter notebook file format was supported on the GitHub platform.
philosophy
The Jupyter project supports interactive scientific data evaluations and scientific calculations with all programming languages through the development of open source software . "Jupyter will always be 100% open source software, free to use for everyone under the modified BSD license ."
Products
Jupyter Notebook
Jupyter Notebook (formerly IPython Notebooks) is a web-based interactive environment that can be used to create Jupyter Notebook documents. A Jupyter Notebook document is a JSON document with a version-dependent schema that consists of a list of input and output cells, each of which can contain code, text and plots. The filename extension is ".ipynb".
A Jupyter Notebook can be converted into various formats from the browser interface (HTML, PDF, LaTeX and slides for presentations).
The Jupyter Notebook offers a loop for input, execution and output in the browser, and is based on widely used open source libraries:
Jupyter Notebook can call different kernels to support programming or interactive execution of instructions in different languages.
Jupyter Kernel
A Jupyter kernel is a program that processes various types of requests (code execution, code completion, and code inspection) and sends back responses. Kernels communicate through ZeroMQ, so they can run on the same machine or on different machines on the network. Kernels do not recognize which document they are connected to and can be accessed by many clients. As a rule, a kernel is designed for one programming language.
The kernel for Python is supplied. In December 2019 there were 137 compatible kernels for different programming languages.
JupyterHub
A JupyterHub is a multi-user server for Jupyter notebooks.
JupyterLab
The JupyterLab is the successor product for the user interface. It offers the familiar elements of the Jupyter Notebook in a flexible user interface. The first release was announced on February 20, 2018.
Products from other manufacturers
The Jupyter Notebook has become popular as a user interface for cloud computing . Large cloud providers have developed customized tools for cloud users. Examples are Amazon SageMaker , Google's Colaboratory and Microsoft's Azure Notebook.
In addition to Python and Jupyter Notebook, Matlab is a widely used tool in data science and machine learning . In version R2016a, so-called live scripts were introduced in Matlab for the first time, which also enable interactive linking of code, text, formulas and plots.
Media reports
- On February 11, 2016, LIGO announced the first observation of gravitational waves . Jupyter notebooks were also published with the raw data, which were used to process the data so that the analysis of the data can be understood.
- On April 5, 2018, The Atlantic published an article on the importance of Jupyter Notebooks and Mathematica Notebooks for future scientific publications.
Awards and grants
- In 2012 Fernando Pérez received the FSF Award for his work on IPython, the predecessor of Project Jupyter.
- In 2013, the IPython team received a $ 1.15 million grant from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation . This funded the early work that led to Project Jupyter.
- In 2015, Project Jupyter received a $ 6 million grant from The Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust , Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, and Alfred P. Sloan Foundation . This financed the further development of the Jupyter tools and the new development of the JupyterLab.
- On May 2, 2018, Project Jupyter's Steering Committee received the ACM Software System Award "for developing software that has a long-term impact that is reflected as a contribution to concepts, commercial acceptance, or both."
See also
Web links
- Official website
- Project Jupyter at GitHub
- PLOTCON 2016: Fernando Perez, The architecture of Jupyter on YouTube
- Jupyter tutorial at Read the Docs
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Project Jupyter - About Us. April 20, 2018, accessed December 12, 2019 .
- ↑ Sally Poundall: Search Love London 2019: The Great Big Round Up. Retrieved March 26, 2020 (American English).
- ↑ Using Jupyter to make marketing easier | Robin Lord. In: Robin Lord - Marketer, Speaker, Writer. March 16, 2020, accessed on March 26, 2020 .
- ^ Project Jupyter. July 8, 2014, accessed December 12, 2019 .
- ^ The Big Split ™. April 16, 2015, accessed December 12, 2019 .
- ↑ a b Jupyter kernels. GitHub, December 10, 2019, accessed December 12, 2019 .
- ↑ GitHub + Jupyter Notebooks = <3. GitHub, May 7, 2015, accessed December 12, 2019 .
- ↑ Rendering Notebooks on GitHub. Jupyter Blog, May 7, 2015, accessed December 12, 2019 .
- ↑ What is JupyterHub? jupyter.org, accessed December 12, 2019 .
- ↑ JupyterLab is Ready for Users. Jupyter Blog, February 20, 2018, accessed December 12, 2019 .
- ↑ Amazon SageMaker. Amazon, accessed December 12, 2019 .
- ↑ Welcome to Colaboratory! Google, accessed December 12, 2019 .
- ^ Develop and run code from anywhere with Jupyter notebooks on Azure. Microsoft, accessed December 12, 2019 .
- ↑ Use Python Notebook to Discover Gravitational Waves. IBM, February 13, 2016, accessed December 12, 2019 .
- ^ Jupyter, Mathematica, and the Future of the Research Paper. paulromer.net, April 13, 2018, accessed December 12, 2019 .