Proteids
Proteide is an outdated term for proteins whose amino acids are covalently bound to carbohydrates ( glycoprotein ), fats ( lipoprotein ) or nucleic acids ( nucleoprotein ). Proteins were therefore also called “conjugated proteins” or “composite proteins”. The term proteid has only rarely been used in the literature since around 1980.
The non-protein portion of the molecule that determines its biological function is called the prosthetic group . For example, this is the heme in cytochromes .
Proteids are of vital importance to life.
Some important proteins are:
- Nucleoproteins: protein + nucleic acid
- Lipoproteins: protein + lipids / fat
- Phosphoproteins: protein + phosphate / phosphoric acid
- the casein
- Glycoproteins: protein + carbohydrates
Examples of glycoproteins are about- the lysozyme , which is contained in the tear fluid,
- the glycocalyx for contact between cells and neighboring cells.
- Chromoproteins: protein + dye / metal (e.g. heme )
Examples of chromoproteins are about- the hemoglobin for oxygen transport,
- the myoglobin for oxygen storage,
- the cytochrome c for electron transport ,
- the cytochrome c oxidase for breathing .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hans-Dieter Jakubke, Hans Jeschkeit: amino acids, peptides, proteins , Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, p. 388, 1982, ISBN 3-527-25892-2 .
- ↑ Result of the Ngram viewer "Proteid / e"