Prusa i3

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Prusa i3 printer

The Prusa i3 is an open source FDM 3D printer . It was made in the RepRap project and is considered the most widely used 3D printer in the world.

introduction

Josef Průša in his printer farm
Film about a Prusa i3 MK2 printer farm where parts for printers are printed

The original Prusa i3 was designed by Josef Průša in 2012. The current version Prusa i3 MK3s was released in 2019. The comparatively low acquisition costs as well as the simple construction and available modifications make the Prusa i3 attractive for teaching and hobby purposes as well as for professional use. Since the construction drawings and programs are publicly available, there are many variations and the printer can be used to replicate some of the parts needed to build other printers. The Prusa i3 is one of the most popular RepRap printers because there are different versions from different manufacturers and private individuals.

history

The Prusa i3 belongs to the third generation of printers developed by Josef Průša, who already developed the PCB heated machine bed in the RepRap project . The first generation from 2009 was called Prusa Mendel in the RepRap community and the second generation from 2011 was called Prusa Mendel (iteration 2) .

Prusa i3

In May 2012 the construction files created in OpenSCAD for the Prusa i3 were published. This was a major redesign compared to the previous versions and other RepRap printers.

The construction replaced the triangular frame made up of threaded rods with a water-jet cut aluminum frame, which has a food-grade hotend called the “Prusa Nozzle” and has screws with M5 instead of M8 threads. The construction focuses on simplified production instead of as many parts as possible that can be replicated with the 3D printer.

Prusa-i3-MK2 printer

Prusa i3 MK2

In May 2016 the Prusa i3 MK2 was released, which has a larger processing volume as well as specially made stepper motors with integrated guide spindles , a self- leveling machine bed with a contactless induction sensor and a new edition of the Marlin firmware , polyetherimide printer surfaces, Rambo controller board and an E3D V6 full hotend . The Prusa MK2 was the first RepRap printer to support plug-and-play USB on Windows .

Prusa i3 MK2S

Josef Prusa announced on his blog in March 2017 that the Prusa i3 MK2 will now be delivered as an improved MK2S variant. The improvements included higher quality LM8UU linear bearings, U-brackets for these, smoother guide shafts, an improved bracket for the induction sensor for automatic bed leveling, better cable routing and an improved housing for the electronics. From this point on, all MK2s were delivered as MK2S, and as usual there was an upgrade package for previous buyers.

Prusa i3 MK3 and MK2.5

In September 2017, Prusa released the MK3. The improvements were extensive: a more stable Y-axis, a new Bondtech extruder with gears on both sides, quieter fans with speed control, an improved leveling sensor with thermistor, which compensates for measurement errors due to temperature fluctuations, quieter stepper motors and a magnetic heating bed made of removable, flexible steel ( foil or powder coated with PEI ), an optical filament sensor to detect clogged or running out filament, and a power supply that detects power failures and then automatically resumes printing. The biggest change, however, was the switch from 12 volts to 24 volts. The central component of this was the new "Einsy" board, which also has high-precision (128 microsteps) and extremely quiet Trinamic stepper motor drivers and offers a temperature sensor for the board and a Raspberry-Pi- Zero connection for Octoprint . This change made the 12v components of old Prusa i3 printers incompatible, which is why a full upgrade was not possible as before. Prusa therefore offered an MK2.5 upgrade for previous buyers that included most of the improvements other than the Einsy board. After numerous complaints from users, there was also an MK3 full upgrade kit for owners of older i3s, but the price was only a little below a new device.

Since the Trinamic drivers register lost steps, e.g. For the first time, the MK3 no longer has a zero point switch for the X, Y and Z axes. Also an x ​​/ y offset when printing, e.g. B. by collision of the head with the pressure, are a thing of the past. The MK3 can also move the head up to 200 mm / s - printing at this speed is not possible, however, as the E3D V6 full metal hotend used cannot melt and extrude the filament at the required speed.

Prusa i3 MK3S

On February 12, 2019, the Prusa i3 MK3S was announced. This is a further development of the Prusa i3 MK3. One of the most important improvements is the new filament sensor, which now works more reliably. The previous purely optical sensor was exchanged for a combination of optical and mechanical sensor. In addition, the entire extruder structure has been redesigned to improve performance and reduce volume.

Printable materials

Depending on the hot end and heatable machine bed, the Prusa i3 can print various materials including ABS , PLA , PETG , TPE (Flex) , polycarbonate , ASA , high impact polystyrene (HIPS), polypropylene and nylon .

Self replication

Printed parts

The Prusa i3 consists of 26 plastic parts. Like many RepRap printers, the Prusa i3 can produce many of the plastic parts needed for its replica.

frame

There are different types of frames made of sheet metal or plastic, mostly laser-cut, machined or even made from Lego building blocks.

Purchased parts

In addition, so-called "vitamins" are required for production; these are commercially available purchased parts that cannot be printed. Such “vitamins” are, for example, threaded rods, steel rods, screws, nuts, NEMA 17 stepper motors and other special parts such as the controller board , the heated machine bed and the hot end.

  • Metal frame and X-axis, with yellow printed parts

  • Y-axis with yellow printed parts

  • Extruder and hot end with yellow printed parts

  • Complete printer with yellow printed parts

Extruder

There are various extruders with a material diameter of usually 1.75 to 3 mm and even MIG welding heads or laser material processing heads.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ What's up with Original Prusa i3? - Prusa Printers. Prusa Printers, March 2, 2016, accessed June 13, 2016 (American English).
  2. ↑ 3D Printing Trends June 2016. 3D Hubs, accessed June 29, 2016 .
  3. ↑ David: Documentation: The Story of Prusa Research and Prusa i3. June 28, 2019, accessed July 10, 2019 .
  4. ↑ a b Prusa Shows Us the New i3 MK2 3D Printer and Where the Community is Headed. Hackaday, accessed June 15, 2016 .
  5. ↑ David Ertischek: Prusa I3 is a DIY 3D printer you can actually afford. BGR, February 3, 2016, accessed on June 12, 2016 (English).
  6. ↑ a b The Story of RepRap Prusa Mendel - MakingSociety. MakingSociety, January 15, 2014, archived from the original on June 28, 2016 ; Retrieved June 16, 2016 (American English).
  7. ↑ 3D hubs
  8. ^ Prusa interviews a whole bunch of RepRappers. Hackaday, accessed June 17, 2016 .
  9. ↑ PCB heated print bed by josefprusa. thingiverse.com, accessed June 19, 2016 .
  10. ↑ first commit josefprusa / PrusaMendel @ 6ed4480. GitHub, accessed June 13, 2016 .
  11. ↑ Hobbyist Weekend - With Prusa Mendel 3D Printer. 3D Printing Industry, accessed June 15, 2016 .
  12. ↑ initial commit josefprusa / Prusa3 @ d3618a6. GitHub, accessed June 13, 2016 .
  13. ↑ ImplicitCAD: Programmatic CAD Built with 3D Printing in Mind. Hackaday, accessed June 15, 2016 .
  14. ↑ Interview With A Printer. Hackaday, accessed June 17, 2016 .
  15. ↑ Prusa Nozzle: All metal food safe RepRap hot-end. 3ders.org, accessed June 19, 2016 (American English).
  16. ↑ Fail Of The Week: My 3D Printer Upgrade. Hackaday, accessed June 15, 2016 .
  17. ↑ Open Source 3D printing: an Interview with Josef Prusa. Open Electronics, accessed June 16, 2016 (American English).
  18. ↑ Josef Prusa unveils $ 699 Original Prusa i3 MK2 3D printer. 3ders.org, accessed June 13, 2016 (American English).
  19. ↑ Josef Prusa unveils $ 699 Original Prusa i3 MK2 3D printer. 3ders.org, accessed June 19, 2016 (American English).
  20. ↑ The All New Original Prusa i3 MK2 Kit Has a Ton of New Features. 3DPrint.com, May 18, 2016, accessed June 19, 2016 (American English).
  21. ↑ Interview with Josef Prusa, CEO and Founder of Prusa Research. 3D Printing Industry, accessed June 12, 2016 .
  22. ↑ Microsoft adds network 3D printing support with Windows 10 IoT Core app for Raspberry Pi 3. 3ders.org, accessed June 12, 2016 (American English).
  23. ↑ Original Prusa i3 MK2S release. Prusa, accessed December 11, 2018 .
  24. ↑ Original Prusa i3 MK3 is out! And it's bloody smart! Prusa, accessed December 11, 2018 .
  25. ↑ Material guides - Prusa3D - 3D Printers from Josef Průša. Prusa3D - 3D Printers from Josef Průša, accessed June 19, 2016 (American English).
  26. ↑ Portugal's Reprapalgarve Team Shows Us How to Make a Steel Framed Color 3D Printer for Around $ 600. 3DPrint.com, June 6, 2016, accessed June 15, 2016 (American English).
  27. ↑ RepRap iTopie Emerges as Improvement on Prusa i3. 3DPrint.com, December 18, 2014, accessed June 15, 2016 (American English).
  28. ↑ Lego Printer Prints Lego. Hackaday, accessed June 19, 2016 .
  29. ↑ Build your very own Prusa l3 LEGO 3D printer using (almost) nothing but LEGO bricks. 3ders.org, accessed June 19, 2016 (American English).
  30. ↑ Distributing 3DP Parts - and Vitamins - With Passion. 3D Printing Industry, accessed June 15, 2016 .
  31. ↑ Dutch students build DIY metal 3D printer using Prusa i3 printer and a MIG welder. 3ders.org, accessed June 19, 2016 (American English).
  32. ↑ Students Combine Prusa i3 Printer with a MIG Welder to Create an Affordable Metal 3D Printer. 3DPrint.com, November 17, 2014, accessed June 19, 2016 (American English).
  33. ↑ DIY 3D Printing: Laser cutting with Prusa Mendel i2. diy3dprinting.blogspot.co.uk, accessed June 19, 2016 .