Pseudobarbus
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Pseudobarbus burchelli , the type species of the genus Pseudobarbus |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Pseudobarbus | ||||||||||||
| Smith , 1841 |
Pseudobarbus is a genus of small South African carp fish (Cyprinidae). Most of the species of the genus live endemically exclusively in the South African Cape region , another, which has not been found since 1930, in the headwaters of the Orange River in Lesotho and in KwaZulu-Natal . Many species of the genus only live in a single small river (including tributaries) or in two neighboring rivers.
features
Pseudobarbus species are small carp fish with an elongated, cylindrical or spindle-shaped body and reach standard lengths of 7 to 15 cm. They have a tetraploid set of chromosomes , i. that is, they have four complete sets of chromosomes. Because of the red spots on the fins of adult animals, they are called "redfin minnows" in English. Apart from Sedercypris , this trait distinguishes Pseudobarbus from all other African carp fish. Pseudobarbus species have one or two pairs of barbels on their mouths . The pharynx are arranged in two or three rows. The intestines are of different lengths in different species. Its length can correspond to the standard length, but it can also be three or four times as long. The scales are structured radially and small to medium in size. The scales on the neck and chest are reduced or embedded in the skin. There are no enlarged scales at the base of the pectoral or pelvic fins. The sideline is complete or interrupted and runs along the center of the body. The dorsal fin has a non-sawn, unbranched, flexible fin ray and usually seven branched fin rays. This non-sawn fin ray distinguishes Pseudobarbus from all other South African barbel species with a tetraploid chromosome set. These have a serrated fin ray. The anal fin of Pseudobarbus has five branched fin rays. The males' pectoral fins are longer than those of the females. In the other South African barb species with a tetraploid chromosome set, there is no sexual dimorphism in terms of fin size. The spawning rash on the head of the males is arranged in a distinctive pattern and the individual feces are found in individual rows along the free edges of the scales and in ribbons over the front pectoral fins. Bones that lie between the muscle segments and have no contact with the spine are missing.
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species
After a revision of the South African barbel with a tetraploid chromosome set, the genus Pseudobarbus now comprises eleven species.
- Pseudobarbus afer (Peters, 1864)
- Pseudobarbus asper (Boulenger, 1911)
- Pseudobarbus burchelli (Smith, 1841)
- Pseudobarbus burgi (Boulenger, 1911)
- Pseudobarbus phlegethon (Barnard, 1938)
- Pseudobarbus quathlambae (Barnard, 1938)
- Pseudobarbus senticeps (Smith, 1936)
- Pseudobarbus skeltoni Chakona & Swartz, 2013
- Pseudobarbus swartzi Chakona & Skelton, 2017
- Pseudobarbus tenuis (Barnard, 1938)
- Pseudobarbus losti Chakona et al., 2014
Six of the species are threatened with extinction or are already extinct due to habitat destruction and the introduction of trout .
literature
- D. Naran, PH Skelton, MH Villet: Karyology of the redfin minnows, genus Pseudobarbus Smith, 1841 (Teleostei: Cyprinidae): one of the evolutionarily tetraploid lineages of South African barbines. PDF
Individual evidence
- ↑ Pseudobarbus quathlambae on Fishbase.org (English)
- ↑ a b Skelton, PH, Swartz, E. & Vreven, EJ (2018): The identity of Barbus capensis Smith, 1841 and the generic status of southern African tetraploid cyprinids (Teleostei, Cyprinidae). European Journal of Taxonomy, 410: 1-29.
Web links
- Pseudobarbus on Fishbase.org (English)