Putris earth owl

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Putris earth owl
Putris earth owl (Axylia putris)

Putris earth owl ( Axylia putris )

Systematics
Family : Owl butterfly (Noctuidae)
Subfamily : Noctuinae
Tribe : Noctuini
Sub tribus : Axyliina
Genre : Axylia
Type : Putris earth owl
Scientific name
Axylia putris
( Linnaeus , 1761)

The Putris earth owl ( Axylia putris ), also known as the bush floor owl , is a butterfly ( moth ) from the owl butterfly family (Noctuidae).

features

The moths reach a wingspan of 30 to 40 millimeters. The forewings are light yellowish to whitish in the dorsal half, darker brown in the ventral half. A black to brown line extends through the center of the forewing from the kidney blemish to the fringe. The kidney defects are brown. The hind wings are whitish with a brown border. In the resting position, the wings are close together and the moths look like a piece of wood.

The egg is rounded and has a flattened base. It measures 0.45 millimeters in height and 0.6 to 0.65 millimeters in diameter. It is initially yellowish after egg-laying, then after a few days it becomes pink and then cream-colored with a brown band in the subapical area of ​​the egg. Shortly before the caterpillar hatches, the egg is dark gray-brown with a black spot in the apical area. In the upper two thirds of the surface it has 33 to 38 strong longitudinal ribs, of which only about 10 to 11 extend to the micropyl region . They are crossed by numerous, finer cross ribs.

The caterpillar is gray with small, black spots. The back line is light and enlarged to a spot on the third and fourth segments. The side stripes are whitish, also yellowish to reddish in color. The head is brown, the neck plate has three white points.

The doll is light brown and relatively stocky. Two strongly diverging bristles sit on the cremaster (end tip of the abdomen).

Geographical distribution and habitat

The species occurs in almost all of Europe, with the exception of central and northern Scandinavia, northern Russia, the extreme south of the Iberian Peninsula, and southern Greece. It is also largely absent on the Mediterranean islands (with the exception of Corsica and Sicily ). It is also found in Morocco , northern Turkey and the Caucasus region. In the east, the distribution area extends over Siberia to the Russian Far East, northern China, Korea and Japan.

It occurs in open and / or cultivated land. The vertical distribution ranges from the plains to the mountains, in the Alps to an altitude of around 1200 meters. The species is widespread, but rarely common.

Way of life

The Putris earth owl forms two somewhat overlapping generations in the south of the range, whose moths fly from late May to early September. However, the second generation is rare in the north and if so, then incompletely trained. The second generation occurs almost regularly in the south of Germany. The moths are nocturnal, come to the light and the bait. The eggs are laid in single-layer ice mirrors and lie close together.

The caterpillar is on various herbaceous plants from June to October, such as beets ( Beta ), bedstraws ( Galium ), barley ( Hordeum ), horn clover ( Lotus ), snail clover ( Medicago ), knotweed ( Polygonum ), dock ( Rumex ), rye ( Secale ), dandelion ( Taraxacum ), clover ( Trifolium ), wheat ( Triticum ), nettles ( Urtica ), sweet peas ( Vicia ), bindweed ( Convolvulus sepium ) and others. a. to find. Pupation takes place in the ground. The pupa also overwinters.

Danger

The Putris earth owl is not endangered in Germany.

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Red Lists at Science4you
  2. ↑ Fibiger (1990: p. 105/6)
  3. ↑ a b Dolinskaya & Geryak (2010: pp. 19/20)
  4. ↑ a b Forster & Wohlfahrt (1971: p. 231)
  5. ^ Clutches of Axylia putris - Lepiforum

literature

  • Arno Bergmann: The large butterflies of Central Germany. Volume 4/1: Owls. Distribution, forms and communities. Urania-Verlag, Jena 1954, DNB 450378373 .
  • Walter Forster , Theodor A. Wohlfahrt : The butterflies of Central Europe. Volume 4: Owls. (Noctuidae). Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1971, ISBN 3-440-03752-5 .
  • Michael Fibiger: Noctuidae Europaeae. Volume 1, Noctuinae I. Entomological Press, Søro 1990, ISBN 87-89430-01-8
  • Michael Fibiger: Noctuinae III. - Noctuidae Europaeae, Volume 3. Entomological Press, Sorø, 1997, ISBN 8-789-43005-0
  • Axel Steiner and Günter Ebert: The butterflies of Baden-Württemberg Volume 7, Nachtfalter V. Ulmer Verlag Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-8001-3500-0
  • IV Dolinskaya, Yu. A. Geryak: The Chorionic Sculpture of the Eggs of Some Noctuinae (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) from Ukraine. Vestnik zoologii, 44 (5): 421-432, 2010 doi : 10.2478 / v10058-010-0028-4

Web links

Commons : Putris-Erdeule  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files