QUASAR (engine)
The QUASAR engine (QUA.SAR, Qua rter Liter S mooth A ugmented R ange) is a generation of Piaggio engines that has been built since 2003.
The QUASAR engine was introduced in 2003 as a water-cooled 4-valve four-stroke engine with a displacement of 244 cm³. It is based on the LEADER engine, which it should expand and, in the medium term, replace with larger displacement, and in addition to more displacement, it also has a newly designed interior with an internal starter motor, a more compact flywheel, a larger oil supply, etc. The first engines are designed with a carburettor correspond to the Euro 2 standard. From 2005 it will be built with petrol injection and a regulated catalytic converter and thus complies with the Euro 3 standard . Since 2008/2009 a version with 124 cm³ and 278 cm³ displacement has also been offered. Quasar engines are used in the Piaggio X10 , the Piaggio MP3 , the Vespa GTS and many other vehicles.
Displacement classes
| 125 | 250 | 250 | 300 | |
| construction time | since 2009 | 2003-2005 | 2003-2010 | since 2008 |
| cooling | water-cooled | |||
| Mixture formation | injection | Carburetor | injection | |
| Displacement | 124 cc | 244 cc | 244 cc | 278 cc |
| Valves | 4th | |||
| Bore × stroke (mm) | 57.0 x 48.6 | 72.0 x 60.0 | 72.0 x 60.0 | 75.0 x 63.0 |
| Compression ratio | 11.5-12.5: 1 | 11.5-12.5: 1 | ||
a Die Werte entstammen den Handbüchern und der Webseite der Piaggio Engine Division
Control units
| Differentiation according to the ECU (injection control unit) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Type | G1 ECU | G2 ECU | G3 ECU |
| construction time | 2005-2006 | 2006–2012 | from 2012 |
| Pins | 26 pins | 26 pins | 34 pins |
transmission
For the gearbox, the reduction gearbox of the Leader motor that is installed in the long swing arms was used because it is larger and more stable.
| Rear wheel | primary | secondary | total a ) | Models (selection) |
| 130 / 70-12 | 14/50 | 16/51 | 11.38 | Vespa GTS 125 i. e. great |
| 130 / 70-12 | 14/50 | 21/46 | 7.82 | Vespa GTS 250 |
| 130 / 70-12 | 14/50 | 21/45 | 7.65 | Vespa GTS 300 |
| 15 inches | Rambla 125 b ) | |||
| 16 inches | 14/50 | 14/53 | 13.52 | Beverly 125, Carnaby 125 b ) |
| Tuning gear | ||||
| 15/49 | Polini primary (202.1413) | |||
| 17/49 | Malossi secondary short (6712194) | |||
| 22/45 | Malossi secondary long (6714844) | |||
| Gear combinations | ||||
| 14/50 | 17/49 | 10.29 | original + Malossi (6712194) | |
| 14/50 | 22/45 | 7.31 | original + Malossi (6714844) | |
| 15/49 | 16/51 | 10.4 | GTS 125 + Polini (202.1413) | |
| 15/49 | 21/45 | 7.00 | GTS 300 + Polini (202.1413) | |
| 15/49 | 17/49 | 9.42 | Polini + Malossi in short | |
| 15/49 | 22/45 | 6.68 | Polini + Malossi long | |
a) One turn on the rear wheel corresponds to 11.38 turns on the clutch, which is calculated with 50/14 * 51/16 = 11.38.
b) Some of these vehicles have a Leader engine, but have the "large" gearbox that is used in the Quasar.