Quenzsiedlung
The “Quenz” housing estate is part of the Altstadt district of the city of Brandenburg an der Havel . The name originated from the nearby Quenzsee .
Emergence
Before the settlement, the area was characterized by meadows and gardens with isolated farmsteads and barns. During the 18th century, on the initiative of King Frederick II, various colonist settlements with settlers from Saxony and Thuringia were added. Each family was given a house and an acre of land and the right to read wood . These settlements and farms served to supply and pay the councilors and city officials. The textile industry should revive the region.
Far in front of the city gates, around 1830 on Magdeburger Landstrasse, part of the former Magdeburg – Berlin trade route, Gutshof Wilhelmshof, which belonged to the mechanic Brexendorf and was therefore also known as Vorwerk Brexendorf. In 1860 there were two residential and five farm buildings on the Ackerhof. The estate was incorporated into the city in 1928.
Clay deposits at the Quenzsee resulted in the establishment of a brick factory around 1870 . From the turn of the 20th century, residential and tenement houses of urban character were built along Blosendorfer Strasse near the Quenzsee. On the grounds of F. Körting's Brandenburger Klinkerwerke (until 1910 Brandenburger Dampfziegelei und Kiesgruben GmbH am Quenzsee / formerly August Goerisch) a large prison camp was built in October 1914. To the south of the camp, off the road between the Wilhelmshof and Neuendorf settlement, a cemetery was created, which was leveled in autumn 1942 in order to expand the Arado Flugzeugwerke airfield . In November 1918 the camp was closed and the area acquired by the Hansa and Brandenburger Flugzeugwerke .
Rolling mill settlement
With the laying of the foundation stone of the steelworks in 1912, the construction of the rolling mill settlement began. In 1919, the factory management bought the Wilhelmshof settlement with initially 24 houses from the city. In spring 1920, 146 new apartments were ready for occupancy in what is now Bayernstrasse and Thüringer Strasse. They were created with the support of the German-Luxembourgish Mining and Hütten-AG and were intended primarily for the steel and rolling mills who came from the Saarland and who went to Brandenburg between 1912 and 1914 during the construction of the steel and rolling mill, but also later came. Further semi-detached houses were built in 1921 according to the plans of Moritz Wolf, the city councilor. The idea of settlement with the combination of living, gardening and food production gained new relevance in the 1930s. The basic idea was to meet the housing shortage with the cheap houses, some of which the future residents had to build themselves on the basis of what the city made available. At the same time, the unemployed should be given at least partial self-sufficiency through horticulture. Opposite the main administration of the steelworks, the expansion of the housing estate began in the early 1930s. The unemployed apartments on today's Hannoversche Straße and on Klingenberg- and Karl-Sachs-Straße from 1931 are among the first to be built in Germany based on designs by Karl Erbs . They are the realized part of much more extensive plans, according to which small house settlements in the west of the city should extend to Blosendorfer Straße. In 1934, the St. Bernhard chapel, which was integrated into the existing row houses on Thüringer Strasse, was consecrated according to Erb's designs . Karl Erbs succeeded Moritz Wolf in 1928 as town planning officer.
time of the nationalsocialism
On October 15, 1939, the “Baulehrcompanie z. b. V.800 ”was launched. Behind the name hid a secret force commonly known as the “Brandenburg Division” . The headquarters of the so-called agent school was the Quenzgut, where the prison camp once stood during the First World War and was hermetically sealed from the outside world.
The camp system in the city of Brandenburg reached a high point during the Nazi era. Brandenburg had over 40 prison camps or forced labor camps during World War II . The barracks camp at Quenz existed from 1937 to the beginning of the 1950s along the Magdeburger Landstrasse. Initially, the warehouse was used to accommodate workers from the steel works who did not have an apartment and who found accommodation here. From 1938 to 1943 new buildings were built every year and with the beginning of the Second World War the camp was used as a prison camp. After the end of the Second World War, German prisoners of war were interned in the prison camp on Quenz, now under Soviet military supervision. Part of it was used as a reception camp for forced laborers, refugees, resettlers or displaced persons.
literature
Sebastian Kinder, Haik Thomas Porada (Hrsg.): Brandenburg an der Havel and the surrounding area: a regional study in the area of Brandenburg an der Havel , Pritzerbe, Reckahn and Wusterwitz, Volume 69, Verlag Böhlau Verlag Köln Weimar, 2006, ISBN 3-412- 09103-0 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Sebastian Kinder, Haik Thomas Porada (ed.): Brandenburg an der Havel and the surrounding area: a geographical inventory in the area of Brandenburg an der Havel, Pritzerbe, Reckahn and Wusterwitz (= landscapes in Germany . Volume 69 ). Böhlau Verlag, 2006, ISBN 3-412-09103-0 , ISSN 0946-0527 , p. 302 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
- ↑ http://stahlstadion.npage.de/vor-1952-bevor-alles-begann.html