Relicanthus daphneae
| Relicanthus daphneae | ||||||||||||
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Relicanthus daphneae |
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| Relicanthidae | ||||||||||||
| Rodríguez & Daly, 2014 | ||||||||||||
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| Relicanthus | ||||||||||||
| Rodríguez & Daly, 2014 | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the species | ||||||||||||
| Relicanthus daphneae | ||||||||||||
| ( Daly , 2006) |
Relicanthus daphneae ( Syn .: Boloceroides daphneae ) is a large, solitary , sea anemone- like flower animal that occursat depths of 2400 to 2650 meters on the East Pacific Ridge and was described in2006.
features
Relicanthus daphneae is exceptionally large, has a pink cylindrical body that can reach a diameter of 25 cm to a meter and numerous, whitish, slightly sloping and up to two meters long, thin tentacles. In addition to size, Relicanthus daphneae differs from all deep-sea anemones by the presence of ectodermal longitudinal muscles. The body is divided into a total of 24 mesenteries . The muscles of the mesenteries are poorly developed. The spirocysts, that is, nettle cells in which the nettle tube is rolled up spirally and covered with adhesive threads instead of thorns, are significantly larger than those of all other deep-sea species and are among the largest among all cnidarians.
Systematics
Relicanthus daphneae was described in 2006 and initially assigned to the genus Boloceroides (family Boloceroididae) in the order of the sea anemones (Actiniaria). The other species of the genus Boloceroides are, however, rather small and occur on warm seashores. A phylogenetic study from 2014, in which two genes of mitochondrial DNA and three genes from the cell nucleus of 123 different sea anemone species were compared with one another, shows, however, that the species is not a sea anemone, but is to be classified as a sister group of the crust anemones (zoanthidea). Therefore, the new genus Relicanthus (from Latin relictum; "put back", "filed", "left behind") and the family Relicanthidae were established for the species, which are monotypical until further species are discovered.
literature
- Estefanía Rodríguez, Marcos S. Barbeitos, Mercer R. Brugler, Louise M. Crowley, Alejandro Grajales, Luciana Gusmão, Verena Häussermann, Abigail Reft, Marymegan Daly. Hidden among Sea Anemones: The First Comprehensive Phylogenetic Reconstruction of the Order Actiniaria (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Hexacorallia) Reveals a Novel Group of Hexacorals . PLoS ONE , 2014; 9 (5): e96998, DOI: 10.1371 / journal.pone.0096998
- Marymegan Daly: Boloceroides daphneae, a new species of giant sea anemone (Cnidaria: Actiniaria: Boloceroididae) from the deep Pacific. Marine Biology. 01/2006; 148 (6): 1241-1247. DOI: 10.1007 / s00227-005-0170-7
Web links
- American Museum of Natural History: New order of marine creatures discovered among sea anemones. ScienceDaily. May 7, 2014.
- scinexx: Surprise: there is no giant sea anemone at all. Deep-sea creature is a whole new order of the animal world - a real rarity
- Fautin, D. (2014): Boloceroides daphneae Daly, 2006. In: Fautin, Daphne G. 2011. Hexacorallians of the World. World Register of Marine Species.
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