Rhinodrilus
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||
| Rhinodrilus | ||||||||||
| Perrier , 1872 |
Rhinodrilus is a genus of little bristles within the family Rhinodrilidae . The type species Rhinodrilus paradoxus from Venezuela was described in 1872 by Edmond Perrier (1844-1921).
features
The taxa of the genus Rhinodrilus usually reach a length of up to 110 centimeters. An exception is the presumably extinct species Rhinodrilus fafner from Brazil, which, with a length of 210 centimeters and a body segment number of 600, was one of the longest known few-bristle species in the world.
The body color varies from dark brown to brown, light gray, bluish green, yellowish gray to pale light yellow.
The mostly trunk-shaped prostomium can often be retracted up to the second segment. The bristles are arranged in regular lines and closely paired on the front body. The male porus (glandular thickening in the vicinity of the male genital opening) is located in the area of the belt (clitellum). The seed pocket pores , if present, are usually located in front of the eleventh body segment. The appearance of the belt is ring-shaped or saddle-shaped.
Systematics
The following taxa belong to the genus Rhinodrilus :
- Rhinodrilus adelae . Distribution: Ceará in Brazil
- Rhinodrilus alatus . Distribution: Minas Gerais in Brazil
- Rhinodrilus annulatus . Distribution: Amapá in Brazil
- Rhinodrilus appuni appuni . Distribution: Puerto Cabello in Venezuela
- Rhinodrilus appuni pavoni . Distribution: Puerto Ayacucho in Venezuela
- Rhinodrilus ayacu . Distribution: Puerto Ayacucho in Venezuela
- Rhinodrilus bursiferus . Distribution: Amapá in Brazil
- Rhinodrilus contortus . Distribution: Amazonia in Venezuela as well as Amazonas in Brazil
- Rhinodrilus corderoi . Distribution: San Esteban and Aragua in Venezuela
- Rhinodrilus cucho . Distribution: Ayacucho in Venezuela
- Rhinodrilus duseni . Distribution: Paraná, Sao Paulo and Mato Grosso in Brazil
- Rhinodrilus elisianae . Distribution: Pará, Rondonia and Amazonas in Brazil
- Rhinodrilus evandroi . Distribution: Destrito Federal in Brazil
- Rhinodrilus fafner . Distribution: Minas Gerais in Brazil
- Rhinodrilus francisci . Distribution: Pernambuco in Brazil
- Rhinodrilus fuenzalidae . Distribution: Miranda in Venezuela
- Rhinodrilus garbei cubanus . Distribution: Mato Grosso in Brazil
- Rhinodrilus garbei garbei . Distribution: Sao Paulo and Minas Gerais in Brazil
- Rhinodrilus hoeflingae . Distribution: Minas Gerais in Brazil
- Rhinodrilus horsti . Distribution: Minas Gerais in Brazil
- Rhinodrilus jucundus . Distribution: Goiás in Brazil
- Rhinodrilus lakei . Distribution: Bolivar in Venezuela as well as Amazonas and Roraima in Brazil
- Rhinodrilus lavellei . Distribution: Pernambuco in Brazil
- Rhinodrilus longus . Distribution: French Guiana and Amapá in Brazil
- Rhinodrilus lourdesae . Distribution: Rondonia in Brazil
- Rhinodrilus lucilleae . Distribution: Amazon in Brazil
- Rhinodrilus mamita . Distribution: Ceará in Brazil
- Rhinodrilus marcusae . Distribution: Bahia in Brazil
- Rhinodrilus mortis . Distribution: Mato Grosso in Brazil
- Rhinodrilus motucu . Distribution: Goiás, Tocantins, Mato Grosso, Bahia and Sergipe in Brazil
- Rhinodrilus mucuba . Distribution: Andes in Venezuela
- Rhinodrilus panxin . Distribution: Goiás and Pará in Brazil
- Rhinodrilus paradoxus . Distribution: Amazon in Brazil, Colombia, Puerto Cabello in Venezuela, French Guiana, Caribbean
- Rhinodrilus parvus . Distribution: Chaco in Argentina and Quijarro in Bolivia
- Rhinodrilus pashanasi . Distribution: Peru
- Rhinodrilus pitun . Distribution: Pernambuco in Brazil
- Rhinodrilus priollii . Distribution: Amazon in Brazil
- Rhinodrilus romani . Distribution: Amazon in Brazil
- Rhinodrilus senckenbergi . Distribution: Espirito Santo in Brazil
- Rhinodrilus senex . Distribution: Aragua in Venezuela
- Rhinodrilus sibateensis Distribution: Colombia
- Rhinodrilus sieversi . Distribution: Puerto Cabello in Venezuela, Trinidad
- Rhinodrilus timote . Distribution: Aragua in Venezuela
- Rhinodrilus xeabaibus . Distribution: Rio de Janeiro in Brazil
Individual evidence
- ↑ J. Römbke, M. Meller, M. García: Earthworm densities in central Amazonian primary and secondary forests and a polyculture forestry plantation . In: Pedobiologia 43. 1999.:S. 518-522.
- ↑ Martin Lindsey Christoffersen: Distribution and species diversity of Rhinodrilus Perrier, 1872 (Annelida, Clitellata, Lumbricina, Glossoscolecidae) in South America . Neodiversity. A Journal of Neotropical Biodiversity, v. 2, pp. 1-6, 2007.
literature
- William Blaxland Benham: An attempt to classify earthworms . In: Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science. (new series) 31 :. Pp. 201-315. 1890.
- Wilhelm Michaelsen: The animal kingdom: Oligochaeta . Publisher R. Friedländer and Son, Berlin. 1900.
- Wilhelm Michaelsen: The Lumbricidae, with special consideration of the subfamilies that were previously summarized as the Glossoscolecidae family . In: Zoological Yearbooks . Vol. 41: 1 - 398, Department for Systematics, Geography and Biology of Animals, Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena., 1918.
- John Stephenson: The Oligochaeta . Clarendon Press, Oxford, 978 pp. 1930. ISBN 9783768207508 .
- Fattima MS Moreira, José Oswaldo Siqueira, Lijbert Brussaard: Soil Biodiversity in Amazonian and Other Brazilian Ecosystems . CABI, 2005. ISBN 1845930320 .
- George G. Brown & Samuel W. James: Earthworm biodiversity in São Paulo state, Brazil In: European Journal of Soil Biology, Volume 42, Supplement 1, November 2006, pp. 145–149.