Ribauldequin

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Ribauldequin from the 16th century (reconstruction after a drawing by Leonardo da Vinci , Castelnaud Castle )
Volley gun as the successor to the Ribauldequins

The Ribauldequin was a medieval volley gun with several iron tubes, small caliber for their time , arranged in a fan shape or parallel.

description

The Ribauldequin was a cart rifle that was also known as the Rabauld , Ribault , Ribaudkin, or organ gun . The pipes mounted on carts reinforced the infantry in the front line. The weapons were muzzleloaders whose loading process was manual, which could not be done in combat at the front. In the early versions, the cart rifles were also equipped with spears. In late versions, they were provided with chains to form wagon castles . A volley of bullets or arrows was fired when the firearm was fired.

The first known Ribauldequin arrived in France in 1339 during the Hundred Years War in the army of King Edward III. used by England . The Ribauldequins used by Edward's army each carried twelve pipes and were arranged in batteries of twelve weapons. They fired 144 projectiles at once against the enemy troops. The Ribauldequins were also used in the Wars of the Roses : during the Second Battle of St Albans , Ridauldequins were used as a defensive weapon by Yorkists under the leadership of Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick against the Lancastrians under Margaret of Anjou . Later, in the Duchy of Milan and other rich and technologically advanced regions, Ribaults with nine tubes and another, larger version with 36 tubes on wooden frames were made. These weapons were mainly used during the early 15th century and later replaced by more modern volley guns .

literature

  • Syed Ramsey: Tools of War: History of Weapons in Early Modern Times , Vij Books India Pvt Ltd, 2016, ISBN 978-93-86019-82-0 .
  • Bernhard Rathgen: The Gun in the Middle Ages , VDI-Verlag, Berlin, 1928. ( online at archive.org )

Web links

Commons : Volley guns  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Syed Ramsey: Tools of War: History of Weapons in Early Modern Times , pp. 37-38. (online at Googlebooks)
  2. ↑ a b Bernhard Rathgen: The gun in the Middle Ages , "Ribauldequin (Karrenbüchse)", pages 550-552. (online at archive.org)
  3. ^ Alison Weir, "The War of the Roses," 1995, ISBN 0-345-40433-5 .