Manor House Vorst

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House Vorst, east side, 2015

Haus Vorst (also Haus Forst ) in the area of ​​the city of Frechen , North Rhine-Westphalia , is a listed building near the border with Cologne's urban area. The knight's seat - a moated castle - is next to the Frechener Bach . Vorst was mentioned as early as 1241. It was a fiefdom from Chur-Cologne. House Vorst was owned by the von Vorst family until the 16th century , and from the 16th to the 18th century by the von Lützenrath / Lutzerode family . Some of the knights of Vorst were in feud with Cologne and Haus Vorst was broken off or devastated at least three times (1292, 1419 and 1474 are documented). After the secularization in 1803, Haus Vorst finally came into private ownership.

history

What Haus Vorst and its residents learned can be found in the “Chronicle of the City of Frechen” and data from other sources, including the archives in North Rhine-Westphalia and Clemen (1897).

13th to 15th centuries: the de Foresto family (von Vorst)

Location of Haus Vorst / Forst on the Tranchot map at the beginning of the 19th century.

1241: Mrs. Methildis, widow of Mr. Wilhelm de Foresto ( von Vorst ), and her sons renounce the tithe from Frechen ( Frekene ) and the mayor's office; Archbishop Konrad von Hochstaden then hands over the tithe to the woman and her son Heinrich for one year, then to the sons Heinrich and Wilhelm von Vorst.
1257: Archbishop Konrad hands over the tithe and the mayor's office of the church in Frechen to Henricus de Foreste for an annual interest.
1272: Heinrich von Vorst witnesses a contract.
1280: Document with witnesses Heinrich and Hermann von Vorst.
1292: Feud of the knight Heinrich von Vorst against the city of Cologne. House Vorst is demolished. Duke Johann von Brabant is entrusted by King Adolph with the necessary supervision so that House Vorst is no longer fortified.
1329: Heinrich von Vorst (mentioned as early as 1314), who built a wooden building (the Portzhuys) on his house against the ordinance still imposed by King Rudolf , reconciles with the city of Cologne after it had allowed him to build the fortifications in the present To leave the condition.
1335: Knight Johann von Vorst sells his farm in Frechen to the Klarakloster in Cologne (Klarenhof) for 3,180 marks.
1381: The Cologne Jew Bunheim Schaeff acknowledges that the knight Johann von Vorst redeemed a skirt studded with pearls.
1393: Knight Johann von Vorst (van dem Vorst) and his son Daniel sell a house and a farm in Linzenich.
1404: Johann von dem Vorste is feuding with the city of Cologne.
1419: The Vorst house is stormed and destroyed by the Cologne residents .
1420: Heinrich von dem Vorst compares himself to Cologne and becomes a noble citizen of the city; he acknowledged the receipt of a citizen's pension until 1448.
1424: After the capture of Haus Vorst and the capture of Godart von Bell, this primal feud swears, with Daem von Vischenich acting as mediator.
1426: Heinrich van deme Forste is mentioned.
1464: Johann and Goddert Schall von Bell ask Archbishop Ruprecht of Cologne to enfeoff Heinrich von dem Vorst with Haus Vorst.
1467: Heinrich von Vorst (van dem Vorst) agrees to marry Agathe, daughter of Heinrich Spies von Büllesheim and his late wife Lette. Heinrich von Vorst promises Agathe as marriage property and dowry, among other things, to make her a co-heir and partner in the castle, property and glory zom Vorst including all accessories.
1474: In October the Vorst house is taken by troops in Cologne; Heinrich von Vorst and his wife are taken prisoner.
1477: Heinrich von dem Vorst and his wife Agatha renounce all claims against the city of Cologne because of the storming and the burning of their house, the house of Vorst; Heinrich is released from captivity and receives a man's letter.
1491: Archbishop Hermann IV of Hesse transfers the Vorst house as a fief to Herbert von Hall, Heinrich von Vorst's son-in-law (the document is lost). Herbert is mentioned in 1505.

16th and 17th centuries: von Lützenrath

Coat of arms of those of Lützenrath

1528: Archbishop Hermann von Wied enfeoffed Johann von Gevertshain called Lützerodt (Johann I.) with Haus Vorst. This Johann came from a clan of administrators in the area of ​​upper Sieg in Nassau. He was Drost zu Schönstein , a castle that Chur-Cologne had given him as a pledge.
1536: Johann's son Johann von Lützenrath (Johann II.) Lived with his wife Margarethe von Gymnich in Haus Vorst, his father's marriage gift. This Johann dies before 1547. Their son Johann von Lützenrath zu Vorst (Johann III.) Becomes bailiff at Windeck Castle in 1561 .
1580: Johann III. is enfeoffed with Haus Vorst.
1583: Palatinate troops loot Frechen in the Truchsessian War and set fire to St. Audomar's church in Frechen. They rob the castles of Frechen, Bachem, Hemmerich and Vogtsbell. (Whether Haus Vorst, which is not mentioned, was spared this is unknown.)
1590: The widow of Johann (III.) Von Lützenrath zu Vorst, Judith von Selbach, is enfeoffed with Haus Vorst; she died a year later. The tombstone of both coats of arms is in the church of St. Audomar (Frechen) . The von Lützenrath move in the course of the 17th century. to their Clarenbeck estate near Kleve, which they had inherited through Judith von Selbach.

House Vorst was bequeathed to Reinart von Lutzerode zu Clarenbeck, son of Johann III., Then further to Johann Reinart von Lutzerode zu Clarenbeck († 1653) and to his daughter Otilia Margreta von Lützenrode (heiress to Clarenbeck and Vorst, † 1692; married. 1680 with Franz Dietrich von Brabeck zu Vogelsang ). Franz Dietrich von Brabeck zu Vogelsang is enfeoffed with Haus Vorst in 1700; he dies in 1709.

18th century and later

1709: Mayor and Chamberlain Adolph Weipeler acquires Haus Vorst.
1742: Wilhelm Konrad von Wrede, Senator of the City of Cologne, inherits Haus Vorst and sells it to von Brae.
1795: Peter Conzen is a half-winner at Haus Vorst.
1803: As a result of the secularization, many of the ecclesiastical farms were expropriated, including Haus Vorst in Frechen. The owner around 1890 was Count Gisbert Egon von Fürstenberg-Stammheim, who owned it from his father , Franz Egon von Fürstenberg-Stammheim , had inherited.

Haus Vorst, around 1980; Aerial view

Today Haus Vorst is sandwiched between the A1 motorway (on the east side), the B264 federal road (on the north side) and, on the south side, the Cologne – Frechen railway line, next to the Frechener Bach , which was relocated a little when the railway line was built in 1894 .

monument

The manor house Vorst has been entered in the list of architectural monuments in Frechen with number A4 since 1983 . A brief description of the exterior (see Clemen, 1897) can be given as follows:

The building complex comprises two groups. The access route from the east leads past a few (now modernized) farm buildings. Then it goes (in the 19th century still over a bridge) to the main house and the two outbuildings at right angles to the main house. The two rusticated pillars adorned with stone balls that stood on the castle side of the former bridge are still preserved. Early 19th century there was also a magnificently designed courtyard garden.

The main house dates from the 18th century. It is a two-story, five-axis brick building with a slightly protruding central projectile and a tent-shaped mansard slate roof. The rectangular door, equipped with a skylight and closed with flat beams, lies in the central axis with a window above it, on which a flat triangular gable sits, which contains two shields of a double coat of arms amid rich foliage. At the time of the description by Clemen (1897) the coats of arms were empty.

A moat once surrounded the whole. Only ¾ of the original moat of the moated castle have been preserved, today they are surrounded by tall trees.

Individual evidence

  1. a b c d e f g h Archives in North Rhine-Westphalia: http://www.archive.nrw.de/
  2. a b P. Clemen: The art monuments of the district of Cologne . In: L. Schwann (Ed.): Die Kunstdenkmäler der Rheinprovinz , Volume 4 / I. Provincial Association of the Rhine Province, Düsseldorf 1897 (accessed on September 5, 2018).
  3. The knight-born rural nobility of the Grand Duchy of Lower Rhine , Volume 1 1818, p. 352.
  4. An attempt at a Westphalian history, especially of the Grafschaft Mark , Volume 3 1749.
  5. Vogelsang House . wiki-de.genealogy.

Other sources

Web links

Commons : Rittergut Haus Vorst  - Collection of images

Coordinates: 50 ° 54 ′ 50 ″  N , 6 ° 50 ′ 32 ″  E