Franz Egon von Fürstenberg-Stammheim
Franz Egon Graf von Fürstenberg- Stammheim (born March 24, 1797 at Herdringen Castle ; † December 20, 1859 in Cologne ) was a large landowner, patron and politician.
Family and origin
Franz Egon Freiherr von Fürstenberg-Stammheim was born as the only son alongside two sisters of Freiherr Theodor von Fürstenberg (1772–1828) and his wife Freiin Sophie von Dalwigk zu Lichtenfels in Herdringen. Little is known about his training. Like a relative, he probably received home schooling from a clergyman who fled the French Revolution .
He married Paula Freiin von Romberg (1805-1891) of Brünninghausen Castle near Dortmund on October 4, 1829 . He had six children with his wife:
- Sophie (* November 13, 1833; † December 2, 1868) ⚭ 1861 Franz Joseph Geyr von Schweppenburg (* September 18, 1832; † August 10, 1907)
- Karoline (* March 7, 1835 - September 17, 1895), superior in the Monastery of Perpetual Adoration in Bonn
- Gisbert-Egon (* March 20, 1836; † March 28, 1908) ⚭ Eugenie Eleonore von Auersperg (* October 15, 1839; † August 3, 1925)
- Isabella (March 2, 1842; † July 16, 1868) ⚭ 1863 Friedrich Jakob von Heeremann (* March 20, 1835)
- Karl Egon (1844-1858)
- Klemens Egon (* March 21, 1846 - † November 3, 1926) ⚭ 1867 Magarethe von Lilien (* June 27, 1842)
The family lived in Cologne, where they owned the "Haus zu den Biesen" and at Stammheim Castle . During Fürstenberg's lifetime, this became a center of contemporary art and cultural life.
Franz-Egon von Fürstenberg was one of the largest landowners in the Rhineland and Westphalia . He owned goods near Bielefeld , Cologne, Jülich , Kempen , Solingen and elsewhere with a total of over 11,000 acres . In 1831 he acquired Reuschenberg Castle in Bürrig from the previous owner, Caspar Josef Carl von Mylius . He also owned shares in coal mines in the developing Ruhr area and was involved in Hungarian coal mines near Pécs . In 1857 he became the main shareholder and chairman of the supervisory board of the stock corporation Bad Neuenahr .
Patronage
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However, he was historically significant not as a large landowner or shareholder, but initially as a patron . His patronage was shaped by Christian conservative values. This became clear in the first building associated with his name, the Theodorus Chapel in Neheim , built in the form of a Greek temple in 1835 , which he had built as a mausoleum for his late father. The architect was Johann Bruère (1805–1854), who was then also chairman of the Cologne Art Association . He later also built the palace chapel at Stammheim Palace. Strongly impressed by the romantic movement of the time and its return to the Middle Ages , von Fürstenberg acquired the secularized Apollinari church near Remagen . Originally he had planned to only have these repainted inside by artists from the Nazarene school . When the poor structural condition became clear, he had the church torn down and a new building erected in its place by the Cologne cathedral master builder Ernst Friedrich Zwirner . This was the first church building in the "old German", ie neo-Gothic style. The interior was done by the Schadow students Ernst Deger , Andreas and Karl Müller . Later came Franz Ittenbach added. The artists traveled to Rome especially at Fürstenberg's expense in order to obtain ideas.
Fürstenberg's romantic-Christian worldview largely corresponded to the attitude of Friedrich Wilhelm IV of Prussia. Von Fürstenberg came into closer contact with the court in 1837 during a visit to Berlin , which he undertook to get in touch with Karl Friedrich Schinkel after being mediated by August Wilhelm Schlegel . In addition to the acquaintance of Schinkel, Fürstenberg also came into contact with the Crown Prince (who later became Friedrich Wilhelm IV). Fürstenberg was one of the few Catholics who were in closer contact with him. On the occasion of the coronation homage in 1840, von Fürstenberg was raised to the rank of count.
The king and von Fürstenberg both took an active part in the completion of Cologne Cathedral . Fürstenberg became a member of the Cathedral Building Association . He also supported the renovation of Altenberg Cathedral and in 1836 the construction of the Beethoven monument in Bonn . He was a member of the Society of German Natural Scientists and Doctors .
politics
Von Fürstenberg gained his first political experience as a member of the Knight's Curia of the Rhenish Provincial Parliament in 1836 and 1841. He was also a member of the First and Second United State Parliament in 1847/48. During the revolution of 1848 he was initially not active in parliament. Only elected to the first chamber of the Prussian state parliament in 1849 after the new constitution imposed . There are different interpretations of his political positions. In part, he is attributed to the highly conservative parliamentary group around Friedrich Julius Stahl and Ernst Ludwig von Gerlach . In fact, however, he was more likely to be close to the more moderately conservative direction around Ludwig Alexander von Jordan and Ferdinand Walter . It is remarkable that von Fürstenberg never questioned the constitutional state or the constitutional monarchy . During the reaction era , for example, he expressly opposed the attempt by the Prussian Interior Minister Ferdinand von Westphalen not to implement the municipal laws passed by parliament in 1850. Part of these laws was the resolution to eliminate the corporate structures of the provincial parliaments in favor of a representation of the municipalities. After von Westphalen had the state parliaments convened according to the estates model in 1851, von Fürstenberg, who had previously been appointed by the government himself as election commissioner, was one of the sharpest critics. In 1852 von Fürstenberg was elected to the second chamber of the Prussian state parliament for the constituency of Bonn-Rheinbach. He did not join the emerging Catholic parliamentary group there , but the liberal-conservative so-called weekly newspaper party around Moritz August von Bethmann-Hollweg . Fürstenberg was also one of those who financed the eponymous newspaper “ Preußisches Wochenblatt zur Discussing political issues of the day ”. This step aroused considerable criticism, especially in Catholic Germany. Von Fürstenberg was one of those who rejected a direct mixture of the ecclesiastical and political areas. The Wochenblatt party played a major role in the rebuilding of the Prussian mansion , succeeding the first chamber. While the highly conservatives around Gerlach and Stahl should primarily represent the landowning nobility, the weekly newspaper party advocated the king's right to appeal as freely as possible. On the day of the vote on March 5, 1852, von Fürstenberg, who had just returned from an audience with the King, entered the meeting room and, regardless of all parliamentary customs, went to the government bench and deposited a handwritten letter from Friedrich Wilhelm IV in it overall adopted the attitude of the Wochenblatt party. Not least because of this sensational approach by Fürstenbergs, a majority against the highly conservative came about.
Von Fürstenberg belonged to the manor house, first convened in 1855, until his death. On December 18, 1856, the Cologne City Council made him an honorary citizen of the city for his services to the cathedral. His hometown Neheim made him an honorary citizen on November 9, 1837. Fürstenberg was buried first in the Theodorus Chapel he built in Neheim and later in a family crypt near the Apollinari church.
literature
- Horst Conrad: Franz Egon von Fürstenberg-Stammheim (1797-1859) In: Michael Gosmann (Hrsg.): Fürstenberg sketches - forays through 700 years of Westphalian families and regional history. Arnsberg, 1995. pp. 93-96
- Kastner, Dieter: The builder Franz Egon Graf von Fürstenberg-Stammheim (1797-1859) In: The Apollinariskirche in Remagen, ed. from the State Office for Monument Preservation Rhineland-Palatinate, Research Reports on Monument Preservation: Volume 7, Worms 2005. P. 93-101
- Wilhelm Wilmanns: Fürstenberg-Stammheim, Franz Graf von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 8, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1878, p. 244.
See also
Web links
Remarks
- ↑ Gothaisches genealogical pocket book of the count's houses, volume 47, p.285
- ^ Gothaisches genealogical pocket book of the baronial houses for the year 1865. Fifteenth year, p.298
- ^ Gothaisches genealogical pocket book of the baronial houses, 1881, one and thirtieth year, p.340
- ↑ Members of the Society of German Natural Scientists and Doctors 1857
- ↑ In the ADB, for example, he is characterized as strictly conservative. He would have co-signed a petition to abolish the constitution of 1849, but the more recent literature paints a different picture.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Fürstenberg-Stammheim, Franz Egon von |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Fürstenberg-Stammheim, Count Franz Egon von |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Royal Prussian Chamberlain and a sponsor of the cathedral building |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 24, 1797 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Herdringen Castle |
| DATE OF DEATH | December 20, 1859 |
| Place of death | Cologne |