Robot Operating System
Robot Operating System
|
|
---|---|
![]() |
|
Basic data
|
|
Maintainer | Open Source Robotics Foundation |
developer | Willow Garage, Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory |
Publishing year | 2007 |
Current version |
Noetic Ninjemys ( May 23, 2020 ) |
operating system |
Linux , Mac OS (experimental), Windows (rudimentary) |
programming language | C ++ , Python |
category | Robot software framework |
License | BSD license |
http://ros.org/ |
Robot Operating System ( ROS ) is a framework for personal robots . Development began in 2007 at the Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory as part of the Stanford AI Robot Project (STAIR) and was developed further from 2009 mainly at the Willow Garage robotics institute . Since April 2012, ROS has been supported by the newly founded, non-profit organization Open Source Robotics Foundation (OSRF) and has been coordinated, maintained and further developed by Willow Garage since the end of operational activities in 2013. The ROS Industrial Consortium has been promoting and supporting ROS for applications in industrial robotics since 2013 . In Europe, the Fraunhofer IPA coordinates the activities of the ROS Industrial Consortium Europe .
software
The ROS libraries are based on operating systems such as Linux , macOS or Windows .
The main components and functions of ROS are
- Hardware abstraction
- Device driver
- Often reused functionality
- Exchange of messages between programs or program parts
- Package management
- Program libraries for managing and operating the software on multiple computers
The system is divided into the actual operating system ros and ros-pkg , a selection of additional packages that add (mostly individual) capabilities to the basic system. A service-oriented architecture is used to enable communication between the individual components.
ROS is published under the BSD license and can therefore be assigned to the open source scene .
Up to April 2012, 3699 packages were published for ROS to map individual functionalities .
ROS 1.x is not real-time capable , but can work with real-time capable components. One of the goals of ROS version 2.0 and higher is a. to be real-time capable.
Since the beginning of the development of ROS 2.0, a distinction has been made between ROS 1 and ROS 2 . The two major versions are not compatible with each other, but they are interoperable and can run in parallel. The motivation behind developing ROS 2 is to keep what's good about ROS 1 and improve those areas that have disadvantages. These include B. the real-time capability, the certifiability for (security) critical applications in end products and the feasibility on small processors such as microcontrollers. The main difference between ROS 2 and ROS 1 is the replacement of the previously specially developed middleware with the standard data distribution service .
Development history
ROS 1
version | publication | Web link | Remarks | |
---|---|---|---|---|
turtle ) |
Box Turtle ( box March 2, 2010 | wiki.ros.org/boxturtle | ||
( sea turtle) |
C Turtle August 2, 2010 | wiki.ros.org/cturtle | ||
( diamond turtle ) |
Diamondback March 2, 2011 | wiki.ros.org/diamondback | ||
(electric Emys ) |
Electric Emys August 30, 2011 | wiki.ros.org/electric | ||
("strong turtle") |
Fuerte Turtle April 23, 2012 | wiki.ros.org/fuerte | ||
( giant Galapagos tortoise ) |
Groovy Galapagos December 31, 2012 | wiki.ros.org/groovy | The stacks used to organize packages are being replaced by metapackages . The ROS own build system Catkin , which internally uses the meta build system CMake , replaces the earlier Rosbuild . |
|
Hydro Medusa | 4th September 2013 | wiki.ros.org/hydro | ||
Indigo Igloo | July 22, 2014 | wiki.ros.org/indigo | This version had Long Term Support (LTS) until April 2019. | |
Jade Turtle | May 23, 2015 | wiki.ros.org/jade | ||
Japanese for turtle |
Kinetic Kame Kame May 23, 2016 | wiki.ros.org/kinetic | This version has Long Term Support (LTS) until April 2021. | |
(lunar musk or hawksbill turtle ) |
Lunar Loggerhead May 2017 | wiki.ros.org/lunar | ||
(melodic peacock pond turtle) |
Melodic Morenia May 2018 | wiki.ros.org/melodic | This version has Long Term Support (LTS) until April 2023. | |
( Noetic Ninjemys oweni) |
Noetic Ninjemys May 23, 2020 | wiki.ros.org/noetic | ||
Legend:
Older version; no longer supported
Older version; still supported
Current version
Future version
|
ROS 2
version | publication | Web link | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|
Ardent Apalone | December 8, 2017 | ||
Bouncy Bolson | 2nd July 2018 | ||
Crystal Clemmys | December 14, 2018 | ||
Dashing Diademata | May 31, 2019 | ||
Eloquent Elusor | 22nd Nov 2019 | ||
Foxy Fitzroy | 5th June 2020 | ||
Legend:
Older version; no longer supported
Older version; still supported
Current version
Future version
|
Web links
- ROS.org Wiki for documentation, package overview and much more.
- Willow garage
- Willow Garage's video channel on YouTube
- Open Source Robotics Foundation
Individual evidence
- ↑ wiki.ros.org .
- ↑ willowgarage.com
- ↑ willowgarage.com
- ↑ willowgarage.com
- ↑ rosindustrial.org
- ↑ de / ROS / Introduction - ROS Wiki. Open Source Robotics Foundation, accessed April 24, 2017 .
- ↑ design.ros2.org
- ↑ design.ros2.org
- ↑ ros.org
- ↑ a b wiki.ros.org
- ↑ index.ros.org
- ↑ index.ros.org
- ↑ index.ros.org
- ↑ index.ros.org
- ↑ ROS 2 Eloquent Elusor (code name 'eloquent'; November 22nd, 2019). Retrieved December 9, 2019 .
- ↑ ROS 2 Foxy Fitzroy (code name 'foxy'; May 23rd, 2020). Retrieved August 7, 2020 .