Roch-Ambroise Cucurron Sicard
Roch-Ambroise Cucurron Sicard (born September 19 or September 20, 1742 in Le Fousseret , Haute-Garonne , † May 10, 1822 in Paris ) was a French clergyman and deaf-mute teacher.
In 1786 he was appointed director of the school for deaf children in Bordeaux by the Bishop of Bordeaux . After the death of the Abbé de l'Epée , a competition took place in 1789 to succeed him in the management of his institution Nationale des Sourds-Muets de Paris, which is considered the first school for the deaf in the world. In the competition, the candidates - all teachers of deaf children at different schools - each presented their most educated student. Since his Bordeaux student Jean Massieu emerged as the best from this assessment, Sicard won the competition and became head of the Paris school.
The Abbé Sicard, who is considered conservative, was brought before the Executionary Council by the revolutionaries in 1792, but fought free by Jean Massieu in a moving petition. After this incident, Sicard went into temporary exile in London .
In 1803 he became a member of the Académie Française , as the successor to the diplomat François-Joachim de Pierre de Bernis on the “ 3rd chair ” of the academy.
Sicard published several works and treatises on teaching deaf students, including the two-volume dictionary of sign language Théorie de signes from 1808 .
In 1815 Abbé Sicard held public lectures in London through the mediation of French Police Minister Joseph Fouché, accompanied by his former students and current teacher colleagues Jean Massieu and Laurent Clerc . During their stay in London, Sicard, Clerc and Massieu met the American clergyman Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet , who was researching methods of teaching deaf children.
His name entered the French language with the verb sicardiser - the meaning “explain in a lengthy way with many details” goes back to the fact that he was known in Paris for his extremely long explanations.
Publications
- 1789 Mémoires sur l'art d'instruire les sourds-muets de naissance , 2 volumes
- 1796 Manuel de l'enfance
- 1796 Catéchisme à l'usage des sourds-muets
- 1799 Éléments de grammaire générale appliqués à la langue française , 2 volumes
- 1800 Cours d'instruction d'un sourd-muet de naissance
- 1805 Journée chrétienne d'un sourd-muet
- 1806 Relation historique sur les journées des 2 et 3 septembre 1792
- 1808–1823 Théorie des signes pour l'instruction des sourds-muets , 2 volumes
- 1811 Rapport sur le Génie du Christianisme de Chateaubriand
- 1816 Opinion sur l'ouvrage ayant pour title: Les Images
literature
- Harlan Lane: Hear with the soul. The life story of the deaf and mute Laurent Clerc and his struggle for the recognition of sign language . dtv, Munich 1990 ISBN 3-423-11314-6
Web links
- Short biography and list of works of the Académie française (French)
- Scientific site on the grammarian Sicard , French
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Sicard, Roch-Ambroise Cucurron |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Abbé Sicard |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French clergyman and deaf-mute teacher |
| DATE OF BIRTH | September 19, 1742 or September 20, 1742 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Le Fousseret |
| DATE OF DEATH | May 10, 1822 |
| Place of death | Paris |